{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946002061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","title":"Achievable Rate and Capacity Analysis for Ambient Backscatter Communications","display_name":"Achievable Rate and Capacity Analysis for Ambient Backscatter Communications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946002061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","mag":"2946002061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052597621","display_name":"Jing Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-6917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-6917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010228669","display_name":"Yongxu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-1968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongxu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-1968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076597960","display_name":"Chen He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-5947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050402661","display_name":"Feifei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital TV System of Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-352X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital TV System of Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013079905","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052597621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0581,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87209268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"9","first_page":"6299","last_page":"6310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.6742408871650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6718381643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5286734104156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-information","display_name":"Mutual information","score":0.5139285922050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.5110977292060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-erasure-channel","display_name":"Binary erasure channel","score":0.43768149614334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42897215485572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.41889330744743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4117371737957001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38862597942352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3729424476623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32410651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3041656017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20963460206985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15533152222633362}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.6742408871650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6718381643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5286734104156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.5139285922050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.5110977292060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149862233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864142","display_name":"Binary erasure channel","level":4,"score":0.43768149614334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42897215485572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.41889330744743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4117371737957001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38862597942352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3729424476623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32410651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3041656017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20963460206985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15533152222633362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2918525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3762958806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L182042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4208879539","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20180306170617062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","funder_display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5896791982","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7630846","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8114187719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61831013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8616498718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61531011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G930939680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4182030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326705","display_name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492744752","https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W1987380770","https://openalex.org/W1989008275","https://openalex.org/W1995200178","https://openalex.org/W2034151099","https://openalex.org/W2058404805","https://openalex.org/W2074038549","https://openalex.org/W2086542085","https://openalex.org/W2098725264","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2104870472","https://openalex.org/W2134011805","https://openalex.org/W2142901448","https://openalex.org/W2397114941","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2512920678","https://openalex.org/W2537499186","https://openalex.org/W2560844389","https://openalex.org/W2566904036","https://openalex.org/W2572855315","https://openalex.org/W2621181593","https://openalex.org/W2775589166","https://openalex.org/W2780874396","https://openalex.org/W2801179766","https://openalex.org/W2916911603","https://openalex.org/W2962732150","https://openalex.org/W2963753256","https://openalex.org/W2963907541","https://openalex.org/W4300223101"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121323749","https://openalex.org/W2100017863","https://openalex.org/W1801046103","https://openalex.org/W2739456797","https://openalex.org/W3098001956","https://openalex.org/W4288057597","https://openalex.org/W2538179194","https://openalex.org/W2991327005","https://openalex.org/W2972577883","https://openalex.org/W2981790152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,112],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,16,24,33,47,51,57,60,68,75,80,85,88,93,114,119,135,139,144,148,154,157,160,166,169,185,189,197,206],"achievable":[6],"rate":[7],"for":[8,79],"ambient":[9,53],"backscatter":[10,54],"communications":[11],"under":[12],"three":[13],"different":[14],"channels:":[15],"binary":[17,20,25,34],"input":[18,26,35,45,58,77,181],"and":[19,27,32,36,109,183],"output":[21,29,38],"(BIBO)":[22],"channel,":[23,31,111,199],"signal":[28,163],"(BISO)":[30],"energy":[37],"(BIEO)":[39],"channel.":[40,82,208],"Instead":[41],"of":[42,59,87,150,168,172,188,196,205],"assuming":[43],"Gaussian":[44],"distribution,":[46],"proposed":[48],"study":[49],"matches":[50],"practical":[52],"scenarios,":[55],"where":[56],"tag":[61],"can":[62,123],"only":[63],"be":[64,124],"binary.":[65],"We":[66],"derive":[67],"closed-form":[69,96,115],"capacity":[70,121,149],"expression":[71],"as":[72,74,156],"well":[73],"capacity-achieving":[76],"distribution":[78],"BIBO":[81,151,198],"To":[83],"show":[84,141],"influence":[86],"signal-to-noise":[89],"ratio":[90],"(SNR)":[91],"on":[92],"capacity,":[94],"a":[95,179],"tight":[97],"ceiling":[98],"is":[99,153,175,192,201],"also":[100],"derived":[101],"when":[102],"SNR":[103],"turns":[104],"relatively":[105],"large.":[106],"For":[107],"BISO":[108,207],"BIEO":[110,190],"obtain":[113],"mutual":[116,170,186],"information,":[117],"while":[118],"semi-closed-form":[120],"value":[122],"obtained":[125],"via":[126],"one":[127,158],"dimensional":[128],"searching.":[129],"Simulations":[130],"are":[131],"provided":[132],"to":[133],"corroborate":[134],"theoretical":[136],"studies.":[137],"Interestingly,":[138],"simulations":[140],"that:":[142],"(i)":[143],"detection":[145],"threshold":[146],"maximizing":[147],"channel":[152,191],"same":[155],"from":[159],"maximum":[161],"likelihood":[162],"detection;":[164],"(ii)":[165],"maximal":[167],"information":[171,187],"all":[173],"channels":[174],"achieved":[176],"almost":[177],"by":[178],"uniform":[180],"distribution;":[182],"(iii)":[184],"larger":[193],"than":[194,203],"that":[195,204],"but":[200],"smaller":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T09:01:20.584952","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
