{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2916737933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","title":"Joint Design of Fronthauling and Hybrid Beamforming for Downlink C-RAN Systems","display_name":"Joint Design of Fronthauling and Hybrid Beamforming for Downlink C-RAN Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2916737933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","mag":"2916737933"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/106749588/Joint_Design_of_Fronthauling_KIM_Accepted22February2019_GREEN_AAM.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101740395","display_name":"Jaein Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3123-6599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaein Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3123-6599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010508470","display_name":"Seok-Hwan Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-2550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seok-Hwan Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electronic Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-2550","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electronic Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017736224","display_name":"Osvaldo Simeone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-3209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osvaldo Simeone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, King\u2019s College London, London, U.K","Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-3209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, King\u2019s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697614","display_name":"Inkyu Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-4433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inkyu Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-4433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025989795","display_name":"Shlomo Shamai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6594-3371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shlomo Shamai Shitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6594-3371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1012,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87048689,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"6","first_page":"4423","last_page":"4434"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7628958225250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7436947822570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6911507844924927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.5668829679489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.5309155583381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5163551568984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4180735945701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.387039452791214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3612384498119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.31313151121139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2998444437980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.1593075394630432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7628958225250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7436947822570801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6911507844924927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.5668829679489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.5309155583381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5163551568984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4180735945701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.387039452791214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3612384498119354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.31313151121139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2998444437980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.1593075394630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2019.2903142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/77f7a518-4bbe-4566-82c6-560ab7de8653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/77f7a518-4bbe-4566-82c6-560ab7de8653","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/106749588/Joint_Design_of_Fronthauling_KIM_Accepted22February2019_GREEN_AAM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kim, J, Park, S, Simeone, O, Lee, I & Shamai, S 2019, 'Joint Design of Fronthauling and Hybrid Beamforming for Downlink C-RAN Systems', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 67, no. 6, 8660693, pp. 4423-4434. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2903142","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/77f7a518-4bbe-4566-82c6-560ab7de8653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/77f7a518-4bbe-4566-82c6-560ab7de8653","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/106749588/Joint_Design_of_Fronthauling_KIM_Accepted22February2019_GREEN_AAM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kim, J, Park, S, Simeone, O, Lee, I & Shamai, S 2019, 'Joint Design of Fronthauling and Hybrid Beamforming for Downlink C-RAN Systems', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 67, no. 6, 8660693, pp. 4423-4434. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2903142","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1407594629","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1A2B3012316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4125700331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1A2B3012316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2916737933.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2916737933.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W776482163","https://openalex.org/W1894748888","https://openalex.org/W1956027752","https://openalex.org/W1969580672","https://openalex.org/W1974467482","https://openalex.org/W1978842364","https://openalex.org/W2002526744","https://openalex.org/W2015301486","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2041287972","https://openalex.org/W2050815608","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2146872403","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2338770003","https://openalex.org/W2518981030","https://openalex.org/W2522190652","https://openalex.org/W2523231232","https://openalex.org/W2565528169","https://openalex.org/W2591812953","https://openalex.org/W2596689004","https://openalex.org/W2604138742","https://openalex.org/W2611749634","https://openalex.org/W2757338032","https://openalex.org/W2771930603","https://openalex.org/W2774855284","https://openalex.org/W2784991221","https://openalex.org/W2791883870","https://openalex.org/W2801266882","https://openalex.org/W2803523531","https://openalex.org/W2804248849","https://openalex.org/W2886786255","https://openalex.org/W2962750265","https://openalex.org/W2962785465","https://openalex.org/W2964050133","https://openalex.org/W2964283533","https://openalex.org/W3099908750","https://openalex.org/W4300840296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885627391","https://openalex.org/W4401508502","https://openalex.org/W4324323655","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W2922954044","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W3037103914","https://openalex.org/W2105999282","https://openalex.org/W1922070205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"beamforming":[1,32,105,119,179],"is":[2,49,123,147,192,230,254],"known":[3],"to":[4,69,71,256],"be":[5],"a":[6,12,40,53,124,187],"cost-effective":[7],"and":[8,26,61,96,106,158,165,222,227,248],"wide-spread":[9],"solution":[10,33],"for":[11,34],"system":[13],"with":[14,149,172],"large-scale":[15],"antenna":[16],"arrays.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"studies":[20],"the":[21,24,30,59,62,72,94,111,121,128,131,135,139,150,154,159,177,182,196,202,207,213,219,228,234,242,245,251],"optimization":[22,102,145],"of":[23,29,103,130,152,184,206,215,244],"analog":[25,116,208],"digital":[27,104],"components":[28],"hybrid":[31],"remote":[35],"radio":[36,43],"heads":[37],"(RRHs)":[38],"in":[39,58],"downlink":[41,156],"cloud":[42],"access":[44],"network":[45,160,223],"architecture.":[46],"Digital":[47],"processing":[48,55],"carried":[50],"out":[51],"at":[52,93,110,120,134],"baseband":[54,64],"unit":[56],"(BBU)":[57],"\u201ccloud,\u201d":[60],"precoded":[63],"signals":[65],"are":[66,169],"quantized":[67],"prior":[68],"transmission":[70],"RRHs":[73,122],"via":[74],"finite-capacity":[75],"fronthaul":[76,107],"links.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"system,":[80],"we":[81,211],"consider":[82],"two":[83],"different":[84],"channel":[85],"state":[86],"information":[87],"(CSI)":[88],"scenarios:":[89],"1)":[90],"ideal":[91],"CSI":[92,217],"BBU":[95,112],"2)":[97],"imperfect":[98,216],"effective":[99],"CSI.":[100],"The":[101,142,238],"quantization":[108,132],"strategies":[109],"as":[113,115],"well":[114],"radio-frequency":[117],"(RF)":[118],"coupled":[125],"problem":[126,146],"since":[127],"effect":[129],"noise":[133],"receiver":[136],"depends":[137],"on":[138,176,195,218],"precoding":[140],"matrices.":[141,180],"resulting":[143],"joint":[144],"examined":[148],"goal":[151],"maximizing":[153],"weighted":[155,197,220],"sum-rate":[157,221],"energy":[161,224],"efficiency.":[162],"Fronthaul":[163],"capacity":[164],"per-RRH":[166],"power":[167],"constraints":[168],"enforced":[170],"along":[171],"constant":[173,203],"modulus":[174,204],"constraint":[175,205],"RF":[178],"For":[181],"case":[183],"perfect":[185],"CSI,":[186],"block":[188],"coordinate":[189],"descent":[190],"scheme":[191,247],"proposed":[193,246,252],"based":[194],"minimum-mean-square-error":[198],"approach":[199],"by":[200,232],"relaxing":[201],"beamformer.":[209],"Also,":[210],"present":[212],"impact":[214],"efficiency":[225],"performance,":[226],"algorithm":[229,253],"extended":[231],"applying":[233],"sample":[235],"average":[236],"approximation.":[237],"numerical":[239],"results":[240],"confirm":[241],"effectiveness":[243],"show":[249],"that":[250],"robust":[255],"estimation":[257],"errors.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
