{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2768672700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","title":"On the Physical Layer Security Analysis of Hybrid Millimeter Wave Networks","display_name":"On the Physical Layer Security Analysis of Hybrid Millimeter Wave Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2768672700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","mag":"2768672700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3501781","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080073323","display_name":"Satyanarayana Vuppala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satyanarayana Vuppala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourgh, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourgh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-5465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourgh, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001160714","display_name":"Yohannes Jote Tolossa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-1420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yohannes Jote Tolossa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Science Department, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0801-1420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Science Department, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032243366","display_name":"Georges Kaddoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges Kaddoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole de technologie sup\u00e9rieure, University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820","https://openalex.org/I159129438"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042210188","display_name":"Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-8174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135768898","display_name":"Ritsumeikan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0197nmd03","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135768898","https://openalex.org/I4390039241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE","JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Abreu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan","School of Engineering and Science Department, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Science Department, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97111855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"3","first_page":"1139","last_page":"1152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6764324903488159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6605312824249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.6362987756729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5281558036804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.5063058137893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5026140213012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4962692856788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4556477665901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.440338134765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.41557735204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.2757446765899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25604715943336487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19424599409103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.15678051114082336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15211671590805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10805043578147888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6764324903488159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6605312824249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.6362987756729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5281558036804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.5063058137893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5026140213012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4962692856788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4556477665901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.440338134765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.41557735204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.2757446765899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25604715943336487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19424599409103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.15678051114082336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15211671590805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10805043578147888}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2776944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:16052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/16052/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article publi\u00e9 dans une revue, r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par les pairs"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3501781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3501781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3501781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3501781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W344766627","https://openalex.org/W631335369","https://openalex.org/W1499798684","https://openalex.org/W1596307101","https://openalex.org/W1917463349","https://openalex.org/W1953553238","https://openalex.org/W1980427653","https://openalex.org/W1987821241","https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W1999153524","https://openalex.org/W2005108639","https://openalex.org/W2009447832","https://openalex.org/W2010188019","https://openalex.org/W2012452654","https://openalex.org/W2023639446","https://openalex.org/W2026566189","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2034420299","https://openalex.org/W2043769961","https://openalex.org/W2043907034","https://openalex.org/W2053690310","https://openalex.org/W2073252511","https://openalex.org/W2080693943","https://openalex.org/W2098855626","https://openalex.org/W2099913025","https://openalex.org/W2103063389","https://openalex.org/W2103150712","https://openalex.org/W2117035673","https://openalex.org/W2118166339","https://openalex.org/W2128558708","https://openalex.org/W2129457795","https://openalex.org/W2130396847","https://openalex.org/W2132035967","https://openalex.org/W2137079066","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2138442940","https://openalex.org/W2139825184","https://openalex.org/W2149959815","https://openalex.org/W2156214717","https://openalex.org/W2159687282","https://openalex.org/W2168527529","https://openalex.org/W2170589865","https://openalex.org/W2233856233","https://openalex.org/W2287503382","https://openalex.org/W2298211524","https://openalex.org/W2343858165","https://openalex.org/W2344809130","https://openalex.org/W2467975528","https://openalex.org/W2516435836","https://openalex.org/W2615829275","https://openalex.org/W2963492352","https://openalex.org/W2964005434","https://openalex.org/W3101445254","https://openalex.org/W3101873462","https://openalex.org/W3103727043","https://openalex.org/W4298909978","https://openalex.org/W4301041089","https://openalex.org/W6678978478","https://openalex.org/W6749784697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022029346","https://openalex.org/W2573746680","https://openalex.org/W1892892095","https://openalex.org/W4211013851","https://openalex.org/W2031882068","https://openalex.org/W3160798659","https://openalex.org/W2138067836","https://openalex.org/W2028375661","https://openalex.org/W2915637169","https://openalex.org/W2123145041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"cope":[1],"up":[2],"with":[3,166],"the":[4,11,18,27,59,66,71,99,118,122,127,133,141,150,168],"explosive":[5],"growth":[6],"of":[7,82,102,132,143,178],"mobile":[8,13,161],"data":[9],"demand,":[10],"fifth-generation":[12],"network":[14],"intents":[15],"to":[16,25,36,45,53,69,116,163],"exploit":[17],"available":[19],"spectrum":[20],"in":[21,73],"millimeter-wave":[22],"(mmWave)":[23],"band":[24],"boost":[26],"communication":[28,35],"capacity.":[29],"However,":[30],"for":[31,158,202],"a":[32,113,156,159,191],"potential":[33],"mmWave":[34,74,83,135,169,179],"happen,":[37],"challenges,":[38],"as":[39,190],"propagation":[40],"losses":[41],"and":[42,57,87,126,140,187,209],"blockages,":[43],"have":[44],"be":[46,63,164],"dealt":[47],"with.":[48],"Abundant":[49],"literature":[50],"illustrating":[51],"techniques":[52],"circumvent":[54],"these":[55],"challenges":[56,72],"increase":[58],"cellular":[60,91,105],"capacity":[61],"can":[62],"found.":[64],"Among":[65],"approaches":[67],"used":[68],"overcome":[70],"networks,":[75,106],"optimal":[76],"transmit":[77],"precoding":[78],"design,":[79],"spatial":[80],"reuse":[81],"base":[84],"stations":[85],"(BSs),":[86],"mmWave-overlaid":[88,103],"microwave":[89,104],"(\u03bcWave)":[90],"networks":[92,180],"are":[93,197],"employed.":[94],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"focuses":[97],"on":[98,149],"performance":[100],"analysis":[101],"from":[107],"security":[108],"perspective.":[109],"We":[110],"particularly":[111],"developed":[112],"mathematical":[114],"framework":[115],"analyze":[117],"connection":[119],"outage":[120,124],"probability,":[121,125],"secrecy":[123,130,176],"achievable":[128],"average":[129,175],"rate":[131,177],"hybrid":[134],"network,":[136],"while":[137],"taking":[138],"fading":[139],"impact":[142],"blockages":[144],"into":[145],"consideration.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"based":[148],"received":[151],"signal":[152],"strength,":[153],"we":[154],"formulated":[155,183],"scheme":[157],"generic":[160],"user":[162],"associated":[165],"either":[167],"or":[170],"\u03bcWave":[171],"network.":[172],"The":[173,193],"exact":[174],"is":[181],"also":[182],"using":[184],"moment":[185],"generating":[186],"Laplace":[188],"functions":[189],"tool.":[192],"derived":[194],"analytic":[195],"expressions":[196],"validated":[198],"via":[199],"simulation":[200],"results;":[201],"different":[203],"antenna":[204],"gain,":[205],"eavesdropper":[206],"density,":[207],"BS,":[208],"blockage":[210],"density.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}