{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2763855320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","title":"Revisiting Error Analysis in Convolutionally Coded Systems: The Irregular Constellation Case","display_name":"Revisiting Error Analysis in Convolutionally Coded Systems: The Irregular Constellation Case","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2763855320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","mag":"2763855320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012132140","display_name":"Mehmet C. Ilter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1773-0507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Cagri Ilter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035106985","display_name":"Pawel A. Dmochowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-0821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawel A. Dmochowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035446029","display_name":"Halim Yan\u0131k\u00f6mero\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012132140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1467,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8031972,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"2","first_page":"465","last_page":"477"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-code","display_name":"Convolutional code","score":0.727482795715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6657609939575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constellation","display_name":"Constellation","score":0.6213124990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.620615541934967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis-modulation","display_name":"Trellis modulation","score":0.5590154528617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5465840697288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5401856303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5322828888893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5173491835594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5161465406417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","score":0.5053339600563049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.4654337465763092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nakagami-distribution","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","score":0.46112483739852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4573928117752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.43151190876960754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4228357970714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.30053144693374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2920411229133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26688987016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11963090300559998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157899210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395022","display_name":"Convolutional code","level":3,"score":0.727482795715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6657609939575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.6213124990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.620615541934967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197712280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557200","display_name":"Trellis modulation","level":4,"score":0.5590154528617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5465840697288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5401856303215027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5322828888893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5173491835594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5161465406417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838009","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","level":3,"score":0.5053339600563049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.4654337465763092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115098869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258347","display_name":"Nakagami distribution","level":4,"score":0.46112483739852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4573928117752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.43151190876960754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4228357970714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.30053144693374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2920411229133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26688987016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11963090300559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2761382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319948","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/01pvzn627"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1546267511","https://openalex.org/W1558006926","https://openalex.org/W1572157493","https://openalex.org/W1581691008","https://openalex.org/W1781667448","https://openalex.org/W1974598214","https://openalex.org/W1981765120","https://openalex.org/W1990208398","https://openalex.org/W2002529347","https://openalex.org/W2022841133","https://openalex.org/W2022939180","https://openalex.org/W2035452527","https://openalex.org/W2055120229","https://openalex.org/W2055698960","https://openalex.org/W2057018632","https://openalex.org/W2066630987","https://openalex.org/W2067999338","https://openalex.org/W2083345762","https://openalex.org/W2101761344","https://openalex.org/W2101770930","https://openalex.org/W2105810001","https://openalex.org/W2107360574","https://openalex.org/W2107428208","https://openalex.org/W2118640805","https://openalex.org/W2119027893","https://openalex.org/W2119259448","https://openalex.org/W2121606987","https://openalex.org/W2124531878","https://openalex.org/W2127401968","https://openalex.org/W2135176758","https://openalex.org/W2137692205","https://openalex.org/W2137758437","https://openalex.org/W2139794367","https://openalex.org/W2149804040","https://openalex.org/W2153449017","https://openalex.org/W2154149491","https://openalex.org/W2155072837","https://openalex.org/W2155550312","https://openalex.org/W2160668024","https://openalex.org/W2171145696","https://openalex.org/W2209506458","https://openalex.org/W2295334956","https://openalex.org/W2334157998","https://openalex.org/W2489939258","https://openalex.org/W2493309683","https://openalex.org/W2511160460","https://openalex.org/W2577212626","https://openalex.org/W2604194676","https://openalex.org/W2962809601","https://openalex.org/W2963338643","https://openalex.org/W6634824425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159911483","https://openalex.org/W2358415454","https://openalex.org/W2152410978","https://openalex.org/W2092269370","https://openalex.org/W2158222171","https://openalex.org/W2088295822","https://openalex.org/W2148668421","https://openalex.org/W2970575518","https://openalex.org/W2108627014","https://openalex.org/W2154949486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"a":[3,55,115,151,188],"rejuvenated":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,35,47,73,88,109,119],"the":[7,22,29,32,41,48,62,65,79,90,96,110,129,136,147,175,180,183],"use":[8,30,42],"of":[9,31,43,50,64,139,161,182,191],"non-equally":[10],"spaced":[11],"(irregular)":[12],"constellations":[13,34,46],"after":[14],"promising":[15],"performance":[16,106],"results":[17,178,186],"were":[18],"demonstrated":[19],"compared":[20],"with":[21,158],"conventional":[23],"lattice":[24],"constellations.":[25],"This":[26],"paper":[27],"investigates":[28],"irregular":[33,45],"convolutionally":[36],"coded":[37,66,120],"systems.":[38],"To":[39],"enable":[40],"such":[44],"presence":[49],"convolutional":[51,91],"encoders,":[52],"we":[53],"derive":[54],"bit-error-rate":[56],"(BER)":[57],"upper":[58],"bound":[59,118],"expression":[60],"for":[61,153,187],"downlink":[63],"transmit":[67,162],"maximum":[68],"ratio":[69],"combining":[70],"systems":[71],"operating":[72],"Nakagami-m":[74],"fading":[75],"environments.":[76],"In":[77,127],"addition,":[78],"analysis":[80,107],"is":[81,124,171],"extended":[82],"to":[83,113,143],"turbo":[84],"trellis-coded":[85],"modulation":[86],"scenarios":[87],"which":[89],"encoders":[92],"are":[93],"used":[94,105],"as":[95,166,168],"constituent":[97],"codes.":[98],"We":[99],"demonstrate,":[100],"via":[101],"simulation,":[102],"that":[103],"commonly":[104],"techniques":[108],"literature":[111],"fail":[112],"provide":[114],"valid":[116],"BER":[117],"cases":[121],"where":[122],"quasi-regularity":[123],"not":[125,134],"satisfied.":[126],"contrast,":[128],"technique":[130],"proposed":[131],"herein":[132],"does":[133],"require":[135],"chosen":[137],"pair":[138],"constellation":[140],"and":[141],"encoder":[142],"be":[144],"quasi-regular.":[145],"Furthermore,":[146],"system":[148,192],"model":[149],"includes":[150],"provision":[152],"multiple":[154],"orthogonal":[155],"transmission":[156,170],"stages":[157],"different":[159],"numbers":[160],"antennas.":[163],"Antenna":[164],"correlation":[165],"well":[167],"distributed":[169],"also":[172],"supported":[173],"by":[174],"model.":[176],"Simulation":[177],"demonstrate":[179],"accuracy":[181],"derived":[184],"analytical":[185],"wide":[189],"range":[190],"scenarios.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}