{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2763104662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","title":"Unary-Coded Dimming Control Improves ON-OFF Keying Visible Light Communication","display_name":"Unary-Coded Dimming Control Improves ON-OFF Keying Visible Light Communication","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2763104662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","mag":"2763104662"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004429018","display_name":"Zunaira Babar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-4474"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zunaira Babar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062785434","display_name":"Mohd Azri Mohd Izhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3761-0630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Azri Mohd Izhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Communication Center, UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Communication Center, UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032951039","display_name":"Hung Viet Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-1044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung Viet Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037415893","display_name":"Panagiotis Botsinis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6345-6131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Botsinis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053032369","display_name":"Dimitrios Alanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-1702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Alanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051019799","display_name":"Daryus Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-7229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daryus Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041481409","display_name":"Soon Xin Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-7194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soon Xin Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079225380","display_name":"Robert G. Maunder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-2615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert G. Maunder","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091122305","display_name":"Lajos Hanzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lajos Hanzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004429018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90480271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"1","first_page":"255","last_page":"264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6601877808570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.6532491445541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6289308071136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.6075608730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unary-operation","display_name":"Unary operation","score":0.6054275035858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5886600613594055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.49944210052490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4836667478084564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48213550448417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.464664101600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exit-chart","display_name":"EXIT chart","score":0.43862926959991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-error-correction","display_name":"Forward error correction","score":0.4335376024246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33290529251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29016542434692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1824064552783966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.17726725339889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1411016881465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13945245742797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.13711929321289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12139809131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.09181749820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08098992705345154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6601877808570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.6532491445541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6289308071136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.6075608730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78023250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657596","display_name":"Unary operation","level":2,"score":0.6054275035858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5886600613594055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.49944210052490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4836667478084564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48213550448417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.464664101600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171401667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5324684","display_name":"EXIT chart","level":5,"score":0.43862926959991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.4335376024246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33290529251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29016542434692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1824064552783966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.17726725339889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1411016881465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13945245742797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.13711929321289062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12139809131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.09181749820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08098992705345154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2759271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:414811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1190378674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L010550/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2422336959","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003990/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3009845101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J015520/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3931104416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L018659/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6950388368","display_name":"Cooperative Classical and Quantum Communications Systems","funder_award_id":"EP/L018659/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W616413684","https://openalex.org/W1562376702","https://openalex.org/W1992284829","https://openalex.org/W1993285790","https://openalex.org/W1999767294","https://openalex.org/W2005598127","https://openalex.org/W2030442875","https://openalex.org/W2045450963","https://openalex.org/W2058023040","https://openalex.org/W2066526279","https://openalex.org/W2082180333","https://openalex.org/W2097545549","https://openalex.org/W2100816365","https://openalex.org/W2101537238","https://openalex.org/W2106825025","https://openalex.org/W2110702868","https://openalex.org/W2114468914","https://openalex.org/W2118573834","https://openalex.org/W2122987913","https://openalex.org/W2146943331","https://openalex.org/W2157733036","https://openalex.org/W2161890372","https://openalex.org/W2162344044","https://openalex.org/W2259792493","https://openalex.org/W2311449700","https://openalex.org/W2552169690","https://openalex.org/W4302333043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888918612","https://openalex.org/W2166285859","https://openalex.org/W3148597776","https://openalex.org/W4226128289","https://openalex.org/W3011056803","https://openalex.org/W2891691474","https://openalex.org/W2032584893","https://openalex.org/W1984456216","https://openalex.org/W2902548694","https://openalex.org/W2782442481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"ideal":[1],"visible":[2],"light":[3],"communication":[4],"(VLC)":[5],"system":[6,129],"should":[7],"facilitate":[8],"reliable":[9],"data":[10],"transmission":[11],"at":[12,20],"high":[13],"throughputs,":[14],"while":[15,53],"also":[16,77,126],"providing":[17],"flicker-free":[18],"illumination":[19],"the":[21,62,81,106,115,119,123,144],"user-defined":[22],"dimming":[23,34,49,65],"level.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"spirit,":[27],"we":[28,86,125],"conceive":[29],"a":[30],"unary":[31],"code":[32],"aided":[33],"scheme":[35,46,66],"for":[36,121],"ON-OFF":[37],"keying":[38],"(OOK)":[39],"modulated":[40],"VLC":[41],"systems.":[42],"The":[43],"proposed":[44,63],"unary-coded":[45,64],"facilitates":[47],"joint":[48,89],"and":[50,74,135],"throughput":[51,69,83],"control,":[52],"relying":[54],"on":[55],"iterative":[56],"decoding.":[57],"It":[58],"is":[59,76],"demonstrated":[60],"that":[61],"provides":[67],"attractive":[68],"gains":[70],"over":[71,143],"its":[72],"contemporaries":[73],"it":[75],"capable":[78],"of":[79,105,139],"approaching":[80,122],"theoretical":[82],"limit.":[84],"Furthermore,":[85],"design":[87],"novel":[88],"dimming-forward":[90],"error":[91,109],"correction":[92],"coding":[93],"schemes,":[94],"which":[95],"significantly":[96],"outperform":[97],"their":[98],"compensation":[99,145],"time":[100,146],"dimming-based":[101,147],"counterparts":[102],"in":[103,118],"terms":[104],"attainable":[107],"bit":[108],"rate":[110],"performance":[111],"as":[112,114],"well":[113],"throughput.":[116],"Finally,":[117],"quest":[120],"capacity,":[124],"optimize":[127],"our":[128],"using":[130],"EXTRINSIC":[131],"information":[132],"transfer":[133],"charts":[134],"demonstrate":[136],"an":[137],"SNR-gain":[138],"upto":[140],"6":[141],"dB":[142],"classic":[148],"benchmarker.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}