{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121523570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","title":"Input Versus Output Queueing on a Space-Division Packet Switch","display_name":"Input Versus Output Queueing on a Space-Division Packet Switch","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121523570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","mag":"2121523570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069738931","display_name":"M.J. Karol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2291-6912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Karol","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061187123","display_name":"M.G. Hluchyj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175381709","display_name":"Codexis (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00f76ab84","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175381709"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hluchyj","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA","Codex Corporation, Canton, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Codex Corporation, Canton, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175381709"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108528029","display_name":"Samuel Morgan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.4923,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1482,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99626268,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"12","first_page":"1347","last_page":"1356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.7665165662765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6741502285003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.6347845792770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.560849130153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.382846474647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.379345178604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35574495792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3526906371116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3072666823863983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27369362115859985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.7665165662765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6741502285003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.6347845792770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.560849130153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.382846474647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.379345178604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35574495792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3526906371116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3072666823863983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27369362115859985}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1987.1096719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16587024","https://openalex.org/W199485464","https://openalex.org/W1988535583","https://openalex.org/W2010259083","https://openalex.org/W2067235277","https://openalex.org/W2070244621","https://openalex.org/W2085319748","https://openalex.org/W2105019526","https://openalex.org/W2140367040","https://openalex.org/W2152530926","https://openalex.org/W2157542631","https://openalex.org/W3015498145","https://openalex.org/W6600638068"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365647353","https://openalex.org/W4385401023","https://openalex.org/W2044363610","https://openalex.org/W2363056536","https://openalex.org/W2029548118","https://openalex.org/W2295575944","https://openalex.org/W2060911134","https://openalex.org/W2072421453","https://openalex.org/W2347400435","https://openalex.org/W2800950139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"simple":[1],"models":[2],"of":[3,137,161,182],"queueing":[4,62,71,76],"on":[5,31,72,77,92,102],"an":[6],"<tex":[7,103,110,117,141,149,191,200],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[8,104,111,118,142,150,192,201],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">N":[9,151],"\\times":[10],"N</tex>":[11],"space-division":[12],"packet":[13,39,49],"switch":[14,18,43],"are":[15,44,67],"examined.":[16],"The":[17],"operates":[19],"synchronously":[20],"with":[21],"fixed-length":[22],"packets;":[23],"during":[24,56],"each":[25,162],"time":[26,59,163],"slot,":[27,60,164],"packets":[28,157],"may":[29,50],"arrive":[30,51],"any":[32,36],"inputs":[33,73],"addressed":[34],"to":[35,41,133],"outputs.":[37],"Because":[38],"arrivals":[40],"the":[42,53,57,80,86,93,127,138,159,170,180,183],"unscheduled,":[45],"more":[46],"than":[47,74,166],"one":[48],"for":[52,70,75,198],"same":[54,58],"output":[55,81,123,139],"making":[61],"unavoidable.":[63],"Mean":[64],"queue":[65],"lengths":[66],"always":[68],"greater":[69],"outputs,":[78],"and":[79],"queues":[82],"saturate":[83,96],"only":[84,178],"as":[85,148],"utilization":[87,99,125,136,181],"approaches":[88],"unity.":[89],"Input":[90],"queues,":[91],"other":[94],"hand,":[95],"at":[97,158],"a":[98,187],"that":[100],"depends":[101],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">N</tex>":[105,119,202],",":[106],"but":[107],"is":[108,120,126,131,175],"approximately":[109],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">(2":[112],"-\\sqrt{2})":[113],"=":[114,146,196],"0.586</tex>":[115],"when":[116,179],"large.":[121],"If":[122],"trunk":[124],"primary":[128],"consideration,":[129],"it":[130],"possible":[132],"slightly":[134],"increase":[135],"trunks-upto":[140],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">(1":[143],"-":[144],"e^{-1})":[145],"0.632</tex>":[147],"\\rightarrow":[152],"\\infty</tex>":[153],"-by":[154],"dropping":[155],"interfering":[156],"end":[160],"rather":[165],"storing":[167],"them":[168],"in":[169],"input":[171,184],"queues.":[172],"This":[173],"improvement":[174],"possible,":[176],"however,":[177],"trunks":[185],"exceeds":[186],"second":[188],"critical":[189],"threshold-approximately":[190],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">ln":[193],"(1":[194],"+\\sqrt{2})":[195],"0.881</tex>":[197],"large":[199],".":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":31}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
