{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075175284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","title":"M-ary FSK Performance for Coherent Optical Communication Systems Using Semiconductor Lasers","display_name":"M-ary FSK Performance for Coherent Optical Communication Systems Using Semiconductor Lasers","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075175284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","mag":"2075175284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015193007","display_name":"Lori L. Jeromin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Jeromin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","[Lincoln Lab., Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Lincoln Lab., Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Lexington, MA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061921194","display_name":"Vincent Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-9767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","Lincoln Laboratory - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015193007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007","https://openalex.org/I4210122954"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.23020149,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92649241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"4","first_page":"375","last_page":"381"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.9187114238739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.6413225531578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5519322156906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4592883288860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterodyne","display_name":"Heterodyne (poetry)","score":0.44221562147140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.44129183888435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4003587067127228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3423600196838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.28646838665008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.28110408782958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21167880296707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.10730701684951782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.9187114238739014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.6413225531578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5519322156906128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4592883288860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780497637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938394","display_name":"Heterodyne (poetry)","level":2,"score":0.44221562147140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.44129183888435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4003587067127228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3423600196838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.28646838665008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28110408782958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21167880296707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.10730701684951782}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1986.1096536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1439604009","https://openalex.org/W1500551892","https://openalex.org/W1577906631","https://openalex.org/W1904952949","https://openalex.org/W1979588195","https://openalex.org/W2013588934","https://openalex.org/W2041674158","https://openalex.org/W2042150763","https://openalex.org/W2046464697","https://openalex.org/W2059933627","https://openalex.org/W2087266385","https://openalex.org/W2107193547","https://openalex.org/W2109597002","https://openalex.org/W2111978306","https://openalex.org/W2161505324","https://openalex.org/W2164914911","https://openalex.org/W3006974647","https://openalex.org/W3042678006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537932844","https://openalex.org/W2040451141","https://openalex.org/W2023235564","https://openalex.org/W2383799194","https://openalex.org/W2364540838","https://openalex.org/W4290710600","https://openalex.org/W2529335802","https://openalex.org/W2391442751","https://openalex.org/W1999832527","https://openalex.org/W2539294865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,48,98],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,68,87,113,123,146,150,153,193,216],"design":[4],"and":[5,18,29,94,108,139,158],"performance":[6,51,73,174],"of":[7,67,74,89,101,125,130,155,215],"an":[8,22,58,102,143,159],"<tex":[9,75,179],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[10,76,180],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</tex>":[11,77,181],"ary":[12],"frequency":[13,79,92,126,131,156],"shift":[14,80],"keyed":[15],"(FSK)":[16,82],"signaling":[17],"demodulation":[19,85],"scheme":[20],"for":[21],"optical":[23,103],"communication":[24,50],"system":[25,56,104,195],"using":[26,57,105],"semiconductor":[27,37,106],"lasers":[28,38,107,204],"heterodyne":[30,109],"detection.":[31,110],"Frequency":[32],"or":[33,137],"phase":[34],"noise":[35,93,132],"in":[36,86,145,152],"causes":[39],"spectral":[40],"spreading,":[41],"producing":[42],"a":[43,55,117],"nonzero":[44],"linewidth":[45],"laser":[46,60],"signal.":[47],"degrades":[49],"when":[52],"compared":[53,210],"to":[54,121,186],"ideal":[59,203],"with":[61,83,116,192,211],"zero":[62],"linewidth.":[63],"We":[64],"present":[65],"estimates":[66],"bit":[69],"error":[70,160,165],"rate":[71,161,166],"(BER)":[72],"-ary":[78,182],"keying":[81],"noncoherent":[84],"presence":[88],"white":[90],"Gaussian":[91],"additive":[95],"channel":[96,119],"noise.":[97,127],"is":[99,168,175,184],"typical":[100],"Estimates":[111],"use":[112],"union-Chernoff":[114],"bound":[115],"simplified":[118],"model":[120],"predict":[122],"effects":[124,129],"Two":[128],"are":[133,205,209],"identified:":[134],"signal":[135],"attenuation":[136],"suppression,":[138],"crosstalk.":[140],"These":[141],"cause":[142],"offset":[144],"BER":[147,151],"curve":[148],"from":[149],"absence":[154],"noise,":[157],"floor,":[162],"respectively.":[163],"The":[164],"floor":[167],"lower":[169],"than":[170,189],"previously":[171],"predicted.":[172],"When":[173],"not":[176],"crosstalk":[177],"limited,":[178],"FSK":[183,191],"found":[185],"perform":[187],"better":[188],"binary":[190],"same":[194],"bandwidth":[196],"constraints,":[197],"as":[198],"would":[199],"be":[200],"predicted":[201],"if":[202],"used.":[206],"Theoretical":[207],"results":[208],"Monte":[212],"Carlo":[213],"simulations":[214],"system.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}