{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156293318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","title":"An Analysis of the Sensitivity of Digital Modulation Techniques to Frequency-Selective Fading","display_name":"An Analysis of the Sensitivity of Digital Modulation Techniques to Frequency-Selective Fading","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156293318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","mag":"2156293318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087117184","display_name":"Kurt Metzger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802562207","display_name":"Deutsche Bundespost","ror":"https://ror.org/0150tj573","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802562207"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. Metzger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Bundespost, Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Bundespost, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802562207"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025193104","display_name":"R. Valentin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-8048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802562207","display_name":"Deutsche Bundespost","ror":"https://ror.org/0150tj573","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802562207"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Valentin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Bundespost, Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Bundespost, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802562207"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087117184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802562207"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7033,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90048195,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"9","first_page":"986","last_page":"992"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.8244619369506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.6820323467254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.6487812995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.6439590454101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.5933557152748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5178892612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.4595358371734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4376411437988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading-distribution","display_name":"Fading distribution","score":0.4368998110294342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.42024174332618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41627931594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40159910917282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31933093070983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3091917634010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27562984824180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.214231938123703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.15736863017082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11598056554794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.10648426413536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.07905691862106323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.8244619369506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.6820323467254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.6487812995910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.6439590454101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.5933557152748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5178892612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.4595358371734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4376411437988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161126049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5429266","display_name":"Fading distribution","level":5,"score":0.4368998110294342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.42024174332618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41627931594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40159910917282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31933093070983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3091917634010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27562984824180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.214231938123703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.15736863017082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11598056554794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.10648426413536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.07905691862106323}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515682093","https://openalex.org/W2003914647","https://openalex.org/W2014277111","https://openalex.org/W2030869546","https://openalex.org/W2032231305","https://openalex.org/W2122796979","https://openalex.org/W2313559663","https://openalex.org/W2995032891","https://openalex.org/W6771054872"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109987985","https://openalex.org/W2098124984","https://openalex.org/W2141180789","https://openalex.org/W2980231524","https://openalex.org/W2772448942","https://openalex.org/W2172055400","https://openalex.org/W2096957949","https://openalex.org/W2085073549","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W2159438609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"Paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,59,62,73],"sensitivity":[4],"to":[5],"frequency-selective":[6,84],"fading":[7,55],"of":[8,50,61],"different":[9],"modulation":[10,19,35],"techniques":[11],"commonly":[12],"used":[13],"in":[14],"digital":[15],"radio":[16],"systems.":[17,67],"The":[18,48],"methods":[20,52],"considered":[21],"are":[22,56,69],"phase-shift-keying":[23],"(":[24,36],"<tex":[25,37],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[26,38],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</tex>":[27,39],"ary":[28],"PSK),":[29],"nonoffset":[30],"and":[31,42],"offset":[32],"quadrature":[33,43],"amplitude":[34],"-ary":[40],"QAM),":[41],"partial":[44],"response":[45],"signaling":[46],"(QPRS).":[47],"performances":[49],"these":[51],"during":[53],"multipath":[54],"compared":[57],"on":[58],"basis":[60],"\"signatures\"":[63],"calculated":[64],"for":[65],"idealized":[66],"Results":[68],"presented":[70],"from":[71],"which":[72],"relative":[74],"outage":[75],"probability":[76],"was":[77],"determined,":[78],"assuming":[79],"a":[80],"propagation":[81],"channel":[82],"with":[83],"Rician":[85],"fading.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}