{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137329654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","title":"Communication Using Pseudonoise Modulation on Electric Power Distribution Circuits","display_name":"Communication Using Pseudonoise Modulation on Electric Power Distribution Circuits","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137329654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","mag":"2137329654"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007314373","display_name":"P. van der Gracht","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. van der Gracht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nexus Engineering Corp., Burnaby, B. C., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nexus Engineering Corp., Burnaby, B. C., Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036269736","display_name":"Ross Donaldson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-1889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Donaldson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007314373"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87648852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"9","first_page":"964","last_page":"974"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-noise","display_name":"Pseudorandom noise","score":0.6242942214012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5522105097770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.512780487537384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.415961891412735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.38275930285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.33594778180122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3052997589111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28569161891937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.25028130412101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.09656575322151184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151881341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910571","display_name":"Pseudorandom noise","level":4,"score":0.6242942214012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5522105097770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.512780487537384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.415961891412735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.38275930285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33594778180122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3052997589111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28569161891937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.25028130412101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.09656575322151184}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323180","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480210121","https://openalex.org/W1538824434","https://openalex.org/W1554924744","https://openalex.org/W1558440204","https://openalex.org/W1569879151","https://openalex.org/W1577906631","https://openalex.org/W1615392173","https://openalex.org/W1964529673","https://openalex.org/W1965012560","https://openalex.org/W1978311762","https://openalex.org/W1980525210","https://openalex.org/W2008015708","https://openalex.org/W2012163150","https://openalex.org/W2023145656","https://openalex.org/W2036201099","https://openalex.org/W2051083907","https://openalex.org/W2058219874","https://openalex.org/W2068889198","https://openalex.org/W2084005385","https://openalex.org/W2089819782","https://openalex.org/W2095975429","https://openalex.org/W2104856264","https://openalex.org/W2105023800","https://openalex.org/W2109571791","https://openalex.org/W2110923414","https://openalex.org/W2126687599","https://openalex.org/W2143763117","https://openalex.org/W2170474237","https://openalex.org/W2610739102","https://openalex.org/W3161939391","https://openalex.org/W4246179110","https://openalex.org/W7037321314"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W138750862","https://openalex.org/W2026462323","https://openalex.org/W3022692476","https://openalex.org/W2134823206","https://openalex.org/W2010281683","https://openalex.org/W1654555419","https://openalex.org/W2170234906","https://openalex.org/W4206000784","https://openalex.org/W1613777751","https://openalex.org/W1968503891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Localized":[0],"communication":[1,24,63],"networks":[2],"for":[3,36,134,192,203,213],"office":[4],"automation,":[5],"security":[6],"monitoring,":[7],"environmental":[8],"management":[9],"of":[10,25,44,72],"buildings,":[11],"computer":[12],"communications,":[13],"and":[14,27,52,69,75,86,93,108,137,153],"other":[15],"applications":[16],"enjoy":[17],"every":[18],"increasing":[19],"demand.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"considers":[23],"data":[26,99,184],"analog":[28,214],"message":[29,215],"signals":[30,216],"over":[31],"electric":[32],"power":[33,45,131,169],"distribution":[34,46,170],"circuits":[35,47,171],"such":[37],"applications,":[38],"using":[39,127],"pseudonoise":[40],"(PN)":[41],"modulation.":[42],"Advantages":[43],"include":[48,61,143],"reasonably":[49],"universal":[50],"coverage":[51],"easy":[53],"access":[54],"via":[55],"a":[56,173],"standard":[57],"wall":[58],"plug.":[59],"Disadvantages":[60],"limited":[62],"bandwidth,":[64],"relatively":[65],"high":[66],"noise":[67],"levels,":[68],"varying":[70],"levels":[71],"impedance,":[73],"noise,":[74],"attenuation.":[76],"PN":[77,114,154],"(spread-spectrum)":[78],"signaling":[79],"provides":[80],"immunity":[81],"to":[82],"narrow-band":[83],"signal":[84],"impairments":[85],"casual":[87],"eavesdropping,":[88],"multiplexing":[89],"capability,":[90,92],"addressing":[91],"easily":[94],"implemented":[95],"error":[96],"rate":[97,100,185],"versus":[98],"tradeoffs.":[101],"The":[102],"primary":[103],"disadvantage":[104],"is":[105,164],"synchronization":[106,116],"delay":[107],"hardware":[109],"cost":[110],"normally":[111],"associated":[112],"with":[113],"code":[115,155],"at":[117,183,196],"the":[118,128],"receiver.":[119],"Our":[120],"prototype":[121],"modem":[122,147,158],"avoids":[123],"these":[124],"difficulties":[125],"by":[126],"60":[129],"Hz":[130],"line":[132],"frequency":[133,151],"carrier,":[135],"code,":[136],"data-bit":[138],"synchronization.":[139],"Design":[140],"issues":[141],"discussed":[142],"processing":[144],"gain":[145],"optimization,":[146],"impedance":[148],"specification,":[149],"carrier":[150],"selection,":[152],"selection.":[156],"Prototype":[157],"circuitry":[159],"costing":[160],"less":[161,182],"than":[162],"$30.00":[163],"described.":[165],"Measurements":[166],"on":[167],"actual":[168],"indicate":[172],"bit-error":[174],"probability":[175],"<tex":[176,186,197,204],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[177,187,198,205],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">p":[178],"=":[179,189,200],"10^{-4}</tex>":[180],"or":[181,195],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">R_{B}":[188,199],"6</tex>":[190],"kbits/s":[191],"single":[193],"users":[194],"60</tex>":[201],"bits/s":[202],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M":[206],"\\simeq":[207],"22</tex>":[208],"simultaneous":[209],"users.":[210],"Performance":[211],"calculations":[212],"are":[217],"included.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}