{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111039568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","title":"A Review of Models for Estimating 1 min Rainfall Rates for Microwave Attenuation Calculations","display_name":"A Review of Models for Estimating 1 min Rainfall Rates for Microwave Attenuation Calculations","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111039568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","mag":"2111039568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075416734","display_name":"Paul Tattelman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800186634","display_name":"Hanscom Air Force Base","ror":"https://ror.org/03fvtr511","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800186634","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Tattelman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800186634"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108564782","display_name":"Donald D. Grantham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800186634","display_name":"Hanscom Air Force Base","ror":"https://ror.org/03fvtr511","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800186634","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Grantham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800186634"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075416734"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800186634"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71867196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"4","first_page":"361","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.8073781728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.7406620979309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.6641794443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6159838438034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duration","display_name":"Duration (music)","score":0.5468024015426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.48989003896713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.437614381313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.41551852226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3794035315513611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2652198076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22924795746803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2118421494960785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1934308409690857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15622350573539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12417680025100708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.8073781728744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7406620979309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6641794443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6159838438034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.5468024015426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.48989003896713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.437614381313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.41551852226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3794035315513611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2652198076248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22924795746803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2118421494960785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1934308409690857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15622350573539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12417680025100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310419","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331652651","https://openalex.org/W331851552","https://openalex.org/W1623688524","https://openalex.org/W1641625412","https://openalex.org/W1970295510","https://openalex.org/W1971336318","https://openalex.org/W1971990619","https://openalex.org/W2005715802","https://openalex.org/W2018088162","https://openalex.org/W2045851174","https://openalex.org/W2054086896","https://openalex.org/W2081052461","https://openalex.org/W2087968796","https://openalex.org/W2106120698","https://openalex.org/W2111039568","https://openalex.org/W2115689873","https://openalex.org/W2152106361","https://openalex.org/W2160686891","https://openalex.org/W2169582181","https://openalex.org/W2176995832","https://openalex.org/W2888237044","https://openalex.org/W2983147105","https://openalex.org/W3011480549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348837382","https://openalex.org/W2062605435","https://openalex.org/W746329893","https://openalex.org/W4205872570","https://openalex.org/W4245971243","https://openalex.org/W2273182195","https://openalex.org/W2186374051","https://openalex.org/W2377963109","https://openalex.org/W2022279172","https://openalex.org/W2352247021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,92],"search":[1],"for":[2,14,24,39,52,55,103],"information":[3],"on":[4,114],"short-duration":[5,105],"precipitation":[6,106],"rates":[7],"uncovered":[8],"several":[9],"sources":[10],"of":[11,35,84,94,101],"data,":[12,75],"primarily":[13],"North":[15],"America":[16],"and":[17,98],"Europe.":[18],"However,":[19],"the":[20,46,50,79,95],"data":[21,97],"available,":[22],"especially":[23],"1":[25,68,115],"min":[26,69,116],"rainfall":[27],"rates,":[28],"are":[29],"insufficient":[30],"to":[31,49,66],"permit":[32],"direct":[33],"calculation":[34],"precipitation-rate":[36],"frequency":[37],"distributions":[38,108],"all":[40],"but":[41],"a":[42,89,99],"few":[43],"locations":[44],"in":[45],"world.":[47],"Due":[48],"need":[51],"these":[53],"statistics":[54],"microwave":[56],"attenuation":[57],"calculations,":[58],"researchers":[59],"developed":[60],"models":[61,102],"that":[62],"can":[63],"be":[64],"used":[65],"estimate":[67],"rainfall-rate":[70],"distributions.":[71],"Some":[72],"require":[73],"climatic":[74],"while":[76],"others":[77],"divide":[78],"globe":[80],"into":[81],"regions,":[82],"each":[83],"which":[85],"is":[86,109],"associated":[87],"with":[88,111],"representative":[90],"distribution.":[91],"survey":[93],"available":[96],"comparison":[100],"determining":[104],"rate":[107],"presented,":[110],"particular":[112],"emphasis":[113],"rates.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}