{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964099547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","title":"Joint Baud and Frame Synchronization in Direct Detection Optical Communications","display_name":"Joint Baud and Frame Synchronization in Direct Detection Optical Communications","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964099547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","mag":"1964099547"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007060246","display_name":"C.N. Georghiades","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-1638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Georghiades","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University, St. Louis, MO","Washington University, St. Louis, Mo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University, St. Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University, St. Louis, Mo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007060246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90460875,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"4","first_page":"357","last_page":"360"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baud","display_name":"Baud","score":0.9561176300048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronizer","display_name":"Synchronizer","score":0.8525382280349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6915632486343384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6143847107887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-synchronization","display_name":"Frame synchronization","score":0.6116830706596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-position-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","score":0.605030357837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5540673136711121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.43100643157958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3687066435813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3639323115348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3572781980037689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.3494694232940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.231103777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.21194887161254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14849653840065002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.1264471411705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11890241503715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.07874885201454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07853704690933228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169606439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192027","display_name":"Baud","level":3,"score":0.9561176300048828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66727535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662199","display_name":"Synchronizer","level":2,"score":0.8525382280349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6915632486343384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6143847107887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178317062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477933","display_name":"Frame synchronization","level":4,"score":0.6116830706596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46035914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1767289","display_name":"Pulse-position modulation","level":5,"score":0.605030357837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5540673136711121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.43100643157958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3687066435813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3639323115348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3572781980037689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3494694232940674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.231103777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.21194887161254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14849653840065002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.1264471411705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11890241503715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.07874885201454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07853704690933228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112057900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1885243914","https://openalex.org/W2392430353","https://openalex.org/W2146833365","https://openalex.org/W2071543674","https://openalex.org/W2139447147","https://openalex.org/W2382517610","https://openalex.org/W2159807862","https://openalex.org/W2388080500","https://openalex.org/W1666280788","https://openalex.org/W2388435400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39],"maximum-likelihood":[1],"frame":[2,34],"synchronizer":[3],"was":[4],"recently":[5],"derived":[6,99,108],"for":[7,58,68,77],"direct-detection":[8],"optical":[9],"communications":[10],"assuming":[11],"baud":[12,32],"synchronization.":[13,38],"In":[14],"this":[15],"paper":[16],"we":[17,94],"present":[18],"an":[19],"extension":[20],"to":[21,44,63,109],"those":[22],"results":[23,57,67],"when":[24],"pulse-position":[25],"modulation":[26],"is":[27,42,107,115],"used":[28],"and":[29,33,51,65],"jointly":[30],"derive":[31],"synchronization":[35,92],"from":[36,100],"slot":[37],"optimum":[40,60,102],"rule":[41,61,72,81],"seen":[43],"consist":[45],"of":[46],"a":[47,52,83,96,112],"simple":[48,70,79,105],"correlation":[49,71,80],"term":[50],"nonlinear":[53],"correction":[54],"term.":[55],"Simulation":[56],"the":[59,69,78,101],"compared":[62],"analytical":[64],"simulation":[66],"show":[73],"that":[74],"equivalent":[75],"performance":[76],"requires":[82],"substantial":[84],"increase":[85],"in":[86],"signal":[87],"power.":[88],"To":[89],"design":[90],"good":[91,116],"patterns,":[93],"use":[95],"divergence":[97],"measure":[98],"rule.":[103],"A":[104],"algorithm":[106],"test":[110],"whether":[111],"given":[113],"sequence":[114],"or":[117],"not.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
