{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106799135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","title":"Digital Transmission of Commentary-Grade (7 KHz) Audio at 56 or 64 Kbits/s","display_name":"Digital Transmission of Commentary-Grade (7 KHz) Audio at 56 or 64 Kbits/s","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106799135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","mag":"2106799135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033206586","display_name":"James D. Johnston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-7241"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Johnston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107828116","display_name":"D.J. Goodman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Goodman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crawford Hill Laboratory, Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crawford Hill Laboratory, Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80744681,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"136","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9398000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9398000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9336000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-audio-broadcasting","display_name":"Digital audio broadcasting","score":0.6635439395904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-audio","display_name":"Digital audio","score":0.6621825098991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6130820512771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5672723650932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-coding","display_name":"Speech coding","score":0.5066688656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.42469435930252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3842020630836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37674203515052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-signal","display_name":"Audio signal","score":0.3688083291053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36362528800964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15484443306922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10820910334587097}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779106878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257510","display_name":"Digital audio broadcasting","level":2,"score":0.6635439395904541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87687168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173114","display_name":"Digital audio","level":4,"score":0.6621825098991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6130820512771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5672723650932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13895895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270773","display_name":"Speech coding","level":2,"score":0.5066688656806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.42469435930252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3842020630836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37674203515052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64922751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4650799","display_name":"Audio signal","level":3,"score":0.3688083291053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36362528800964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15484443306922913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10820910334587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1980.1094568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500154238","https://openalex.org/W1690240707","https://openalex.org/W1983796739","https://openalex.org/W2014419911","https://openalex.org/W2064724015","https://openalex.org/W2082493508","https://openalex.org/W2142591210","https://openalex.org/W2163540124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081938374","https://openalex.org/W2538603059","https://openalex.org/W2165002675","https://openalex.org/W2182173843","https://openalex.org/W3152340827","https://openalex.org/W2130109774","https://openalex.org/W2350061705","https://openalex.org/W2355917813","https://openalex.org/W2494591065","https://openalex.org/W2319340652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"two-band":[1],"coding":[2,90],"system":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"constructed":[6],"for":[7,62,69],"the":[8,38,55,59,134],"purpose":[9],"of":[10,54,144],"providing":[11],"commentary":[12],"grade":[13],"(7":[14],"kHz":[15],"bandwidth)":[16],"speech":[17],"or":[18,23,48,118,122],"music":[19,72],"transmission":[20],"at":[21,145],"56":[22,112,121],"64":[24,123],"kbits/s.":[25],"The":[26,52,74,100,126],"lower":[27],"band,":[28,40],"0-to-3650":[29],"Hz,":[30,42],"is":[31,43,129],"coded":[32,44,56],"with":[33,45,88,95,108],"4":[34,49],"bit":[35,47],"ADPCM":[36],"and":[37,64,67,91],"upper":[39],"3600-to-6800":[41],"3":[46],"bit/sample":[50],"APCM.":[51],"quality":[53],"signal":[57],"makes":[58],"method":[60],"useful":[61],"news":[63],"sports":[65],"broadcasts,":[66],"possibly":[68],"AM":[70],"remote":[71],"broadcasting.":[73],"audio":[75],"sounds":[76],"better":[77],"than":[78],"that":[79],"produced":[80],"by":[81,141,148],"two":[82,147],"conventional":[83],"alternatives:":[84],"3200":[85],"Hz":[86,93],"bandwidth":[87,94],"8-bit/sample":[89],"7000":[92],"a":[96,111,142],"single":[97],"4-bit/sample":[98],"coder.":[99],"sample":[101],"may":[102],"be":[103,139],"used":[104],"in":[105,133],"any":[106],"place":[107],"access":[109],"to":[110,119],"kbit/s":[113,124],"Dataphone":[114],"Digital":[115],"Service":[116],"port":[117],"other":[120],"lines.":[125],"power":[127],"consumption":[128],"approximately":[130],"12":[131],"W":[132],"present":[135],"form;":[136],"it":[137],"could":[138],"reduced":[140],"factor":[143],"least":[146],"hardware":[149],"optimization.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
