{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009935048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","title":"A Detailed Comparison of Four Approaches to the Calculation of the Sensitivity of Optical Fiber System Receivers","display_name":"A Detailed Comparison of Four Approaches to the Calculation of the Sensitivity of Optical Fiber System Receivers","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009935048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","mag":"2009935048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061954977","display_name":"Stewart D. Personick","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Personick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","Bell Laboratories, Holmdel,NJ"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories, Holmdel,NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022335414","display_name":"\u041f. \u041c. \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-8207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Balaban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","[Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033738276","display_name":"J. Bobsin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Bobsin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","[Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756648","display_name":"Pranaw Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-6258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061954977"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99074525,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"5","first_page":"541","last_page":"548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9427000284194946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.8449885845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.6892557740211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5706428289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.5167028903961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chernoff-bound","display_name":"Chernoff bound","score":0.5001616477966309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.337867796421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.31903767585754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3171345889568329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2731529176235199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19497919082641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.1357453465461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11580485105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.11487913131713867}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.8449885845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6892557740211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5706428289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5167028903961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14539891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070305","display_name":"Chernoff bound","level":2,"score":0.5001616477966309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.337867796421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.31903767585754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3171345889568329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2731529176235199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19497919082641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.1357453465461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11580485105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11487913131713867}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985572255","https://openalex.org/W2003742476","https://openalex.org/W2033825881","https://openalex.org/W2033961376","https://openalex.org/W2072316143","https://openalex.org/W2084093873","https://openalex.org/W2112876374","https://openalex.org/W2171951645","https://openalex.org/W2324063296","https://openalex.org/W2477688680","https://openalex.org/W2800750158","https://openalex.org/W4252542398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062791376","https://openalex.org/W2393870460","https://openalex.org/W2254578859","https://openalex.org/W4284894156","https://openalex.org/W2161803855","https://openalex.org/W2378757965","https://openalex.org/W3110774753","https://openalex.org/W2134539662","https://openalex.org/W2005266888","https://openalex.org/W82723519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"four":[3],"approaches":[4],"to":[5,48,51,103],"the":[6,26,32,44,66,83,88,97,105,110],"calculation":[7],"of":[8,85,96],"error":[9],"rates":[10],"for":[11,82],"optical":[12],"fiber":[13],"system":[14],"repeaters":[15],"are":[16,38],"compared":[17],"(\"Exact\"":[18],"calculation,":[19],"Monte":[20,35,45],"Carlo":[21,36,46],"simulation,":[22],"Chernoff":[23,58],"bounds":[24],"and":[25,34,68,108],"Gaussian":[27],"approximation).":[28],"We":[29],"conclude":[30],"that":[31],"\"Exact\"":[33],"calculations":[37],"in":[39,61],"complete":[40],"agreement.":[41],"This":[42],"allows":[43],"results":[47],"be":[49,70],"used":[50,71],"calibrate":[52],"other":[53],"methods.":[54],"The":[55],"relatively":[56],"simple":[57],"bound":[59],"is":[60],"very":[62],"good":[63,94],"agreement":[64],"with":[65],"above,":[67],"should":[69],"whenever":[72],"computational":[73],"facilities":[74],"allow.":[75],"For":[76],"simpler":[77],"calculations,":[78],"or":[79],"analytical":[80],"expressions":[81],"effects":[84],"parameter":[86],"variations,":[87],"Guassian":[89],"approximation":[90],"gives":[91],"a":[92],"reasonable":[93],"estimate":[95],"receiver":[98],"sensitivity.":[99],"However,":[100],"it":[101],"tends":[102],"underestimate":[104],"threshold":[106],"setting":[107],"overestimate":[109],"optimal":[111],"avalanche":[112],"gain.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}