{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155681385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","title":"A Class of Decentralized Routing Algorithms Using Relaxation","display_name":"A Class of Decentralized Routing Algorithms Using Relaxation","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155681385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","mag":"2155681385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046055600","display_name":"Thomas Stern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7692-9535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Stern","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046055600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95933511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"10","first_page":"1092","last_page":"1102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10660","display_name":"Conducting polymers and applications","score":0.949400007724762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10913","display_name":"Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7163618206977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.5937636494636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5802177786827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.5415736436843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.5351048111915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-routing","display_name":"Geographic routing","score":0.5162010788917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5140155553817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5071651935577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.47647616267204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-routing","display_name":"Multipath routing","score":0.4694603979587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4677902162075043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.46498483419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destination-sequenced-distance-vector-routing","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","score":0.45854854583740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4226679801940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38905248045921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.3852457106113434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2170502245426178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18620559573173523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7163618206977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.5937636494636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5802177786827087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5415736436843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.5351048111915588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50558702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535067","display_name":"Geographic routing","level":5,"score":0.5162010788917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5140155553817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5071651935577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47647616267204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.4694603979587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4677902162075043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.46498483419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29436982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3700557","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","level":5,"score":0.45854854583740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4226679801940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38905248045921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3852457106113434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2170502245426178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18620559573173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1977.1093750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3176925267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201002086980040237","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3127002380","https://openalex.org/W2082566976","https://openalex.org/W2384996194","https://openalex.org/W2041855631","https://openalex.org/W2613682624","https://openalex.org/W2105937634","https://openalex.org/W2607223747","https://openalex.org/W2361465121","https://openalex.org/W2620451430","https://openalex.org/W2619478018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,17],"important":[1],"problem":[2],"in":[3,30,63,153],"packet-switched":[4],"communication":[5],"networks":[6],"is":[7,21,48,61,90,127,147],"the":[8,14,28,64,82,99,115,120,131,135],"optimal":[9,18,45,121],"assignment":[10,20],"of":[11,44,54],"routes":[12],"to":[13,113,129,149],"message":[15,40],"packets.":[16],"routing":[19,46,71,88,122],"one":[22],"which":[23,50],"chooses":[24],"network":[25,96],"paths":[26],"for":[27,98],"packets":[29],"a":[31,52,105],"way":[32],"that":[33,66,104],"minimizes":[34],"some":[35],"cost":[36],"function,":[37],"typically":[38],"average":[39],"delay.":[41],"A":[42,124],"class":[43],"algorithms":[47,83],"described":[49],"utilize":[51],"type":[53],"iterative":[55],"computation":[56,89],"known":[57],"as":[58],"relaxation.":[59],"Computation":[60],"decentralized":[62],"sense":[65],"each":[67],"node":[68],"computes":[69],"its":[70],"strategy":[72],"using":[73],"only":[74],"information":[75],"supplied":[76],"from":[77],"adjacent":[78],"nodes.":[79],"Being":[80],"iterative,":[81],"are":[84],"inherently":[85],"adaptive.":[86],"The":[87],"based":[91],"conceptually":[92],"on":[93],"an":[94],"electrical":[95],"analog":[97,116],"optimization":[100],"problem.":[101],"We":[102],"show":[103],"simple,":[106],"convergent":[107],"relaxation":[108],"procedure":[109],"can":[110],"be":[111],"used":[112],"\"solve\"":[114],"network,":[117],"thereby":[118],"yielding":[119],"strategy.":[123],"simple":[125],"example":[126],"presented":[128],"illustrate":[130],"method.":[132],"In":[133],"general,":[134],"computational":[136],"load":[137],"compares":[138],"favorably":[139],"with":[140],"other":[141],"(centralized)":[142],"methods,":[143],"although":[144],"further":[145],"work":[146],"needed":[148],"obtain":[150],"quantitive":[151],"comparisons":[152],"specific":[154],"cases.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}