{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137431059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","title":"A Unified Representation of Differential Pulse-Code Modulation (DPCM) and Transform Coding Systems","display_name":"A Unified Representation of Differential Pulse-Code Modulation (DPCM) and Transform Coding Systems","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137431059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","mag":"2137431059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103119209","display_name":"A. Habibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7134-149X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Habibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039699432","display_name":"R. Hershel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Hershel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92478072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"692","last_page":"696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9505000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-code-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-code modulation","score":0.799736499786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.7002508044242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6276100277900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5853259563446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5588595867156982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karhunen\u2013lo\u00e8ve-theorem","display_name":"Karhunen\u2013Lo\u00e8ve theorem","score":0.5506429672241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.49516382813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4830785095691681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.42563530802726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2795218825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13428068161010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.05821990966796875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160987145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13043846","display_name":"Pulse-code modulation","level":3,"score":0.799736499786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.7002508044242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6276100277900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5853259563446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5588595867156982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109308471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2046647","display_name":"Karhunen\u2013Lo\u00e8ve theorem","level":2,"score":0.5506429672241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.49516382813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4830785095691681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.42563530802726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2795218825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13428068161010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.05821990966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1974.1092249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170832","display_name":"IRE Transactions on Communications Systems","issn_l":"0096-2244","issn":["0096-2244","2162-2132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976692475","https://openalex.org/W2110380152","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W417204388","https://openalex.org/W187821709","https://openalex.org/W1963647550","https://openalex.org/W2730780850","https://openalex.org/W2724312960","https://openalex.org/W2574476892","https://openalex.org/W2208583639","https://openalex.org/W2366163563","https://openalex.org/W2163885456","https://openalex.org/W2137431059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"consider":[1],"a":[2,8,21,70],"transform":[3,55],"coding":[4,42,56],"system":[5,28,57,67],"that":[6,31,64],"uses":[7],"lower-triangular":[9],"transformation":[10,18],"to":[11,58,69],"uncorrelate":[12],"the":[13,44,54,59,65],"data.":[14,76],"Based":[15],"on":[16],"this":[17],"we":[19],"propose":[20],"generalized":[22],"differential":[23],"pulse":[24],"code":[25],"modulation":[26],"(DPCM)":[27],"and":[29],"show":[30],"at":[32],"high":[33],"bit":[34],"rates":[35],"it":[36],"performs":[37],"almost":[38],"as":[39,41],"well":[40],"by":[43,62],"method":[45],"of":[46],"principal":[47],"components":[48],"(Karhunen-Loeve":[49],"transformation).":[50],"This":[51],"study":[52],"connects":[53],"DPCM":[60,72],"encoder":[61,73],"showing":[63],"proposed":[66],"simplifies":[68],"standard":[71],"for":[74],"Markov":[75]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}