{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407156006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761","title":"Secure Formation Control of Multiagent System Against FDI Attack Using Fixed-Time Convergent Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Secure Formation Control of Multiagent System Against FDI Attack Using Fixed-Time Convergent Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407156006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502544478","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","issn_l":"2325-5870","issn":["2325-5870","2372-2533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086832090","display_name":"Zhenyu Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8342-0136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Automation and Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059409654","display_name":"Feisheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-6864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feisheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Automation and Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Innovation Center NPU Chongqing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334733","display_name":"Yuan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-6514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059432254","display_name":"Qian Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0593-0157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050907","display_name":"Wei Xing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-5938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer, Data and Mathematical Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer, Data and Mathematical Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086832090"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.7137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99415254,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"1203","last_page":"1214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.7592999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.7592999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.6830999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5587234497070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.5532768964767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5360527038574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.47009679675102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3564525842666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2574934959411621}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5587234497070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.5532768964767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5360527038574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.47009679675102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3564525842666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2574934959411621}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2025.3538761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502544478","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","issn_l":"2325-5870","issn":["2325-5870","2372-2533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1800152679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","funder_display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4518436937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G456502895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62073269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4794077720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515011220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5585305015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020Z034053002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","funder_display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322857","display_name":"Aeronautical Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02wq41p38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970786657","https://openalex.org/W1981826826","https://openalex.org/W2015113370","https://openalex.org/W2017011168","https://openalex.org/W2108286682","https://openalex.org/W2120249358","https://openalex.org/W2157577161","https://openalex.org/W2299109138","https://openalex.org/W2805296764","https://openalex.org/W2907907364","https://openalex.org/W2963177211","https://openalex.org/W2997476010","https://openalex.org/W3006659193","https://openalex.org/W3007267406","https://openalex.org/W3011075468","https://openalex.org/W3015136665","https://openalex.org/W3032057537","https://openalex.org/W3046220573","https://openalex.org/W3092252985","https://openalex.org/W3094869672","https://openalex.org/W3114059704","https://openalex.org/W3120726845","https://openalex.org/W3170535895","https://openalex.org/W3173076363","https://openalex.org/W3193621088","https://openalex.org/W4206938697","https://openalex.org/W4220788991","https://openalex.org/W4221019190","https://openalex.org/W4221095134","https://openalex.org/W4285117024","https://openalex.org/W4304480072","https://openalex.org/W4306652749","https://openalex.org/W4312862989","https://openalex.org/W4360995670","https://openalex.org/W4391020761","https://openalex.org/W4399563030"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"a":[3,19,40,99],"fixed-time":[4,97],"convergent":[5],"reinforcement":[6],"learning":[7],"(RL)":[8],"algorithm":[9,103],"is":[10,44,71,109,123],"proposed":[11],"to":[12,46,58,125],"accomplish":[13],"the":[14,25,33,37,48,53,60,66,69,72,75,83,89,105,112,127,130],"secure":[15,54,77],"formation":[16,55,78],"control":[17,38,79],"of":[18,68,129],"second-order":[20],"multiagent":[21],"system":[22],"(MAS)":[23],"under":[24],"false":[26],"data":[27],"injection":[28],"(FDI)":[29],"attack.":[30],"To":[31],"alleviate":[32],"FDI":[34],"attack":[35],"on":[36,87],"signal,":[39],"zero-sum":[41],"graphical":[42],"game":[43],"introduced":[45],"analyze":[47],"attack\u2013defense":[49],"process,":[50],"in":[51],"which":[52],"controller":[56],"intends":[57],"minimize":[59],"common":[61],"performance":[62],"index":[63],"function,":[64],"whereas":[65],"purpose":[67],"attacker":[70],"opposite.":[73],"Attaining":[74],"optimal":[76],"policy":[80],"located":[81],"at":[82],"Nash":[84],"equilibrium":[85],"depends":[86],"solving":[88],"game-associated":[90],"coupled":[91],"Hamilton\u2013Jacobi\u2013Isaacs":[92],"equation.":[93],"Taking":[94],"into":[95],"account":[96],"convergence,":[98],"critic-only":[100],"online":[101],"RL":[102],"with":[104],"experience":[106],"replay":[107],"technique":[108],"designed.":[110],"Meanwhile,":[111],"corresponding":[113],"convergence":[114],"and":[115],"stability":[116],"proofs":[117],"are":[118],"provided.":[119],"A":[120],"simulation":[121],"example":[122],"presented":[124],"show":[126],"effectiveness":[128],"devised":[131],"scheme.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
