{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2557279964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","title":"Scheduling of EV Battery Swapping\u2013Part II: Distributed Solutions","display_name":"Scheduling of EV Battery Swapping\u2013Part II: Distributed Solutions","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2557279964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","mag":"2557279964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502544478","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","issn_l":"2325-5870","issn":["2325-5870","2372-2533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090203537","display_name":"Pengcheng You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1532-8773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng You","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1532-8773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069455858","display_name":"Steven H. Low","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6476-3048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven H. Low","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering and Applied Science Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6476-3048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering and Applied Science Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100425283","display_name":"Liang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-1752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-1752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083185861","display_name":"Ruilong Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-150X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruilong Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-150X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026758314","display_name":"Georgios B. Giannakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0196-0260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios B. Giannakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0196-0260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100677869","display_name":"Youxian Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-1142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youxian Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047044643","display_name":"Zaiyue Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-3833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaiyue Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-3833","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1275,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87217352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"1920","last_page":"1930"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6749700307846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6265890598297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.582806408405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5753049254417419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5343968272209167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swap","display_name":"Swap (finance)","score":0.5013632774353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.49277475476264954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.4505855441093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.42426174879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"State of charge","score":0.4159839153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.24422729015350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2425723373889923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1580871045589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15095150470733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14217522740364075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6749700307846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6265890598297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.582806408405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5753049254417419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5343968272209167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99821215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136583","display_name":"Swap (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5013632774353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.49277475476264954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.4505855441093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.42426174879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.4159839153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.24422729015350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2425723373889923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1580871045589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15095150470733643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14217522740364075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcns.2017.2774012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502544478","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","issn_l":"2325-5870","issn":["2325-5870","2372-2533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:84008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://authors.library.caltech.edu/84008/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402161","display_name":"CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","host_organization_name":"California Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4453595906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HDTRA 1-15-1-0003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","funder_display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6748038075","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AR0000699","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332276","funder_display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04tz64554"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332276","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/03q1rgc19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1860632703","https://openalex.org/W1973309971","https://openalex.org/W1975153313","https://openalex.org/W1979846095","https://openalex.org/W1983471723","https://openalex.org/W1995874947","https://openalex.org/W2002352982","https://openalex.org/W2019769688","https://openalex.org/W2038178117","https://openalex.org/W2042269493","https://openalex.org/W2083852337","https://openalex.org/W2093909370","https://openalex.org/W2116392290","https://openalex.org/W2164278908","https://openalex.org/W2170736358","https://openalex.org/W2171845477","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2551081856","https://openalex.org/W2552416521","https://openalex.org/W2949971880","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4292363360","https://openalex.org/W6729370233","https://openalex.org/W6763486567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364741597","https://openalex.org/W1492103595","https://openalex.org/W946352265","https://openalex.org/W3020787026","https://openalex.org/W2334479858","https://openalex.org/W1971388572","https://openalex.org/W2370926798","https://openalex.org/W3104199760","https://openalex.org/W4234142113","https://openalex.org/W3145389907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,104],"Part":[1],"I":[2],"of":[3,37,47,88,118,161],"this":[4,105],"paper,":[5,106],"we":[6,107],"formulate":[7],"an":[8],"optimal":[9,89],"scheduling":[10],"problem":[11],"for":[12,127],"battery":[13,29],"swapping":[14],"that":[15,96,124,171,179],"assigns":[16],"to":[17,25,42,64,146,156,169,176,182],"each":[18],"electric":[19],"vehicle":[20],"(EV)":[21],"a":[22,44,79,158,177],"best":[23],"station":[24,57],"swap":[26],"its":[27,32],"depleted":[28],"based":[30,82,112],"on":[31,83,113],"current":[33],"location":[34],"and":[35,51,59,71,92,120,134],"state":[36],"charge.":[38],"The":[39],"schedule":[40],"aims":[41],"minimize":[43],"weighted":[45],"sum":[46],"EVs'":[48],"travel":[49],"distance":[50],"electricity":[52],"generation":[53],"cost":[54],"over":[55],"both":[56,172],"assignments":[58],"power":[60,73,90],"flow":[61,74,91],"variables,":[62],"subject":[63],"EV":[65],"range":[66],"constraints,":[67,70],"grid":[68],"operational":[69],"ac":[72],"equations.":[75],"We":[76,165],"propose":[77,108],"there":[78],"centralized":[80],"solution":[81,178],"second-order":[84],"cone":[85],"programming":[86],"relaxation":[87,160],"generalized":[93],"Benders":[94],"decomposition":[95],"is":[97,102,180],"applicable":[98],"when":[99],"global":[100,163],"information":[101,154],"available.":[103],"two":[109],"distributed":[110],"solutions":[111],"the":[114,130,162],"alternating":[115],"direction":[116],"method":[117],"multipliers":[119],"dual":[121],"decomposition,":[122],"respectively,":[123],"are":[125,136],"suitable":[126],"systems":[128],"where":[129],"distribution":[131],"grid,":[132],"stations,":[133],"EVs":[135],"managed":[137],"by":[138],"separate":[139],"entities.":[140],"Our":[141],"algorithms":[142,173],"allow":[143],"these":[144],"entities":[145],"make":[147],"individual":[148],"decisions,":[149],"but":[150],"coordinate":[151],"through":[152],"privacy-preserving":[153],"exchanges":[155],"solve":[157],"convex":[159],"problem.":[164],"present":[166],"simulation":[167],"results":[168],"show":[170],"converge":[174],"quickly":[175],"close":[181],"optimum":[183],"after":[184],"discretization.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2016-12-08T00:00:00"}
