{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026715794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","title":"A Computational Model of Plan-Based Narrative Conflict at the Fabula Level","display_name":"A Computational Model of Plan-Based Narrative Conflict at the Fabula Level","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026715794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","mag":"2026715794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179349","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games","issn_l":"1943-068X","issn":["1943-068X","1943-0698"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042069062","display_name":"Stephen G. Ware","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-8514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192396691","display_name":"LSU New Orleans","ror":"https://ror.org/034mtvk83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192396691"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen G. Ware","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192396691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009512834","display_name":"R. Michael Young","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Michael Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047163199","display_name":"Brent Harrison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1301-5928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192396691","display_name":"LSU New Orleans","ror":"https://ror.org/034mtvk83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192396691"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192396691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012351691","display_name":"David L. Roberts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-4840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David L. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4177,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96613975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"271","last_page":"288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9710999727249146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.8115386962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.7978891730308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.7612281441688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7239035964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.5449700355529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5280462503433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conflict-resolution","display_name":"Conflict resolution","score":0.4952332079410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4111979305744171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3760557174682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2911412715911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.15997925400733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1589057445526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.08804765343666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.8115386962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7978891730308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.7612281441688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7239035964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5449700355529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5280462503433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21711469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194317","display_name":"Conflict resolution","level":2,"score":0.4952332079410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4111979305744171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3760557174682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2911412715911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.15997925400733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1589057445526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08804765343666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2013.2277051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179349","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games","issn_l":"1943-068X","issn":["1943-068X","1943-0698"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164122600","https://openalex.org/W167921064","https://openalex.org/W1498806819","https://openalex.org/W1522427362","https://openalex.org/W1550070798","https://openalex.org/W1585001384","https://openalex.org/W1677268724","https://openalex.org/W1824867705","https://openalex.org/W1976624272","https://openalex.org/W2027708304","https://openalex.org/W2044222399","https://openalex.org/W2063367469","https://openalex.org/W2066937798","https://openalex.org/W2075118017","https://openalex.org/W2079138018","https://openalex.org/W2104674963","https://openalex.org/W2133155550","https://openalex.org/W2133976070","https://openalex.org/W2141965516","https://openalex.org/W2142532017","https://openalex.org/W2150290224","https://openalex.org/W2156264173","https://openalex.org/W2156533231","https://openalex.org/W2164457256","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2165683312","https://openalex.org/W2170516265","https://openalex.org/W2255846029","https://openalex.org/W2325963232","https://openalex.org/W2399772978","https://openalex.org/W3023006886","https://openalex.org/W3038115308","https://openalex.org/W3110683067","https://openalex.org/W3142421094","https://openalex.org/W3150228109","https://openalex.org/W4232263399","https://openalex.org/W4298032087","https://openalex.org/W6606684831","https://openalex.org/W6629821569","https://openalex.org/W6631407544","https://openalex.org/W6667275617","https://openalex.org/W6680911732","https://openalex.org/W6683229385","https://openalex.org/W6684264593","https://openalex.org/W6713040245","https://openalex.org/W6780059197","https://openalex.org/W6786768871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W1511249877","https://openalex.org/W2466303427","https://openalex.org/W1578828174","https://openalex.org/W2000943029","https://openalex.org/W2950376466","https://openalex.org/W1969483203","https://openalex.org/W4302559785","https://openalex.org/W4226437312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conflict":[0],"is":[1],"an":[2],"essential":[3],"element":[4],"of":[5,16,57,61,114,122,132],"interesting":[6],"stories.":[7],"In":[8],"this":[9,26,62],"paper,":[10],"we":[11,127],"operationalize":[12],"a":[13,43],"narratological":[14],"definition":[15],"conflict":[17,29,39,58],"and":[18,49,70,79,88],"extend":[19],"established":[20],"narrative":[21,38,95,124],"planning":[22,34],"techniques":[23],"to":[24,40,101],"incorporate":[25],"definition.":[27],"The":[28,66,83],"partial":[30],"order":[31],"causal":[32,47],"link":[33],"algorithm":[35],"(CPOCL)":[36],"allows":[37],"arise":[41],"in":[42,59],"plan":[44],"while":[45],"maintaining":[46],"soundness":[48],"character":[50],"believability.":[51],"We":[52,109],"also":[53,110],"define":[54],"seven":[55,143],"dimensions":[56],"terms":[60],"algorithm's":[63],"knowledge":[64],"representation.":[65],"first":[67],"three-participants,":[68],"reason,":[69],"duration-are":[71],"discrete":[72],"values":[73,91],"which":[74,92,118,134],"answer":[75],"the":[76,106,112,129,142],"\u201cwho?\u201d":[77],"\u201cwhy?\u201d":[78],"\u201cwhen?\u201d":[80],"questions,":[81],"respectively.":[82],"last":[84],"four-balance,":[85],"directness,":[86],"stakes,":[87],"resolution-are":[89],"continuous":[90],"describe":[93],"important":[94],"properties":[96],"that":[97],"can":[98,136],"be":[99],"used":[100],"select":[102],"conflicts":[103],"based":[104,138],"on":[105,139,141],"author's":[107],"purpose.":[108],"present":[111],"results":[113],"two":[115],"empirical":[116],"studies":[117],"validate":[119],"our":[120],"operationalizations":[121],"these":[123],"phenomena.":[125],"Finally,":[126],"demonstrate":[128],"different":[130],"kinds":[131],"stories":[133],"CPOCL":[135],"produce":[137],"constraints":[140],"dimensions.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
