{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321780429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","title":"Three-Dimensional Polarimetric InISAR Imaging of Non-Cooperative Targets","display_name":"Three-Dimensional Polarimetric InISAR Imaging of Non-Cooperative Targets","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321780429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233665","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","issn_l":"2333-9403","issn":["2333-9403","2573-0436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048591465","display_name":"Ajeet Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-8055"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajeet Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-8055","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032865843","display_name":"Elisa Giusti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-6509"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Giusti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-6509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102875919","display_name":"Francesco Mancuso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-7816"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Mancuso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-7816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075737995","display_name":"Selenia Ghio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-0839"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Selenia Ghio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-0839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003505681","display_name":"Alberto Lupidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-8181"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Lupidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-8181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radar and Surveillance Systems (RaSS) National Laboratory of CNIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031990101","display_name":"Marco Martorella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-5069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Martorella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-5069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.7536,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99396898,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"210","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7529140710830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.7430673241615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.6786805987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6591916084289551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.6037575602531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5784549117088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.5711058974266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4577059745788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.4516441524028778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.444724440574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43173277378082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.4225863218307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.3968159556388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.34989407658576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.332824170589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3159305453300476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19795814156532288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.18554633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10763591527938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.10132262110710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09700208902359009}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.7529140710830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.7430673241615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.6786805987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6591916084289551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.6037575602531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5784549117088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5711058974266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4577059745788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.4516441524028778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.444724440574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43173277378082275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.4225863218307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3968159556388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34989407658576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.332824170589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3159305453300476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19795814156532288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.18554633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10763591527938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.10132262110710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09700208902359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233665","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","issn_l":"2333-9403","issn":["2333-9403","2573-0436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/19ca6b86-fb82-47a8-99ed-01b2fe926bf2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/19ca6b86-fb82-47a8-99ed-01b2fe926bf2","pdf_url":"https://pure-oai.bham.ac.uk/ws/files/224679860/Three-Dimensional_Polarimetric_InISAR_Imaging_of_Non-Cooperative_Targets.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kumar , A , Giusti , E , Mancuso , F , Ghio , S , Lupidi , A & Martorella , M 2023 , ' Three-Dimensional Polarimetric InISAR Imaging of Non-Cooperative Targets ' , IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging , vol. 9 , pp. 210-223 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TCI.2023.3248942","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1305109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1305109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2023.3248942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233665","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","issn_l":"2333-9403","issn":["2333-9403","2573-0436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7456543503","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N62909-20-1-2062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338298","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research Global"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338298","display_name":"Office of Naval Research Global","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527747735","https://openalex.org/W1566335240","https://openalex.org/W1639914723","https://openalex.org/W1968028491","https://openalex.org/W1997122422","https://openalex.org/W2008542193","https://openalex.org/W2041708608","https://openalex.org/W2098369207","https://openalex.org/W2102116272","https://openalex.org/W2110764636","https://openalex.org/W2124143271","https://openalex.org/W2125067146","https://openalex.org/W2129206142","https://openalex.org/W2141171639","https://openalex.org/W2141424348","https://openalex.org/W2144465873","https://openalex.org/W2146065092","https://openalex.org/W2150296982","https://openalex.org/W2150666780","https://openalex.org/W2255306318","https://openalex.org/W2442818910","https://openalex.org/W2533106647","https://openalex.org/W2883366381","https://openalex.org/W2888936541","https://openalex.org/W2897816528","https://openalex.org/W2979683087","https://openalex.org/W3033646193","https://openalex.org/W3173861594","https://openalex.org/W3202637922","https://openalex.org/W3205045483","https://openalex.org/W4254481911","https://openalex.org/W4289821787","https://openalex.org/W4318970063","https://openalex.org/W4392499090","https://openalex.org/W6633899021","https://openalex.org/W6636933249","https://openalex.org/W6728693100","https://openalex.org/W6769575070"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313122519","https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2170580735","https://openalex.org/W1552305638","https://openalex.org/W2112228652","https://openalex.org/W2613451563","https://openalex.org/W1994788526","https://openalex.org/W2547107543","https://openalex.org/W1966299760","https://openalex.org/W2150075356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,116],"new":[1],"Polarimetric":[2],"Interferometry":[3],"Inverse":[4],"Synthetic":[5],"Aperture":[6],"Radar":[7],"(Pol-InISAR)":[8],"3D":[9,20,47,64,139,152],"imaging":[10,21,140,153],"method":[11],"for":[12],"non-cooperative":[13,23],"targets":[14,24],"is":[15,55,94,144],"proposed":[16,149],"in":[17,97],"this":[18,90,98,148],"paper.":[19],"of":[22,31,83,126,141],"becomes":[25],"possible":[26],"by":[27],"combining":[28],"additional":[29],"information":[30,93],"interferometric":[32,53,86],"phase":[33,54,128,135],"along":[34],"with":[35,132],"conventional":[36],"2D":[37],"ISAR":[38,65],"imaging.":[39],"In":[40],"the":[41,63,69,81,104,110,127,142],"previously":[42],"reported":[43],"single-polarimetry":[44],"InISAR":[45],"based":[46,52,151],"imaging,":[48],"only":[49],"a":[50,73,121,124],"single-channel":[51],"available":[56],"that":[57],"can":[58,113],"be":[59,114],"exploited":[60,96],"to":[61,71,102,120],"reconstruct":[62],"image.":[66],"This":[67],"limits":[68,80],"ability":[70],"obtain":[72],"full":[74],"target's":[75],"scattering":[76],"response":[77],"and":[78,157],"therefore":[79],"estimation":[82,129],"an":[84,133,137],"accurate":[85,138],"phase.":[87],"To":[88,146],"overcome":[89],"constraint,":[91],"full-polarimetry":[92],"being":[95],"paper,":[99],"which":[100,109],"allows":[101],"select":[103],"optimal":[105,134],"polarimetric":[106],"combination":[107],"through":[108],"highest":[111],"coherence":[112,118],"obtained.":[115],"higher":[117],"leads":[119],"reduction":[122],"(optimally":[123],"minimization)":[125],"error.":[130],"Consequently,":[131],"estimation,":[136],"target":[143],"possible.":[145],"validate":[147],"Pol-InISAR":[150],"approach,":[154],"both":[155],"simulated":[156],"real":[158],"datasets":[159],"are":[160],"taken":[161],"under":[162],"consideration.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
