{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138006921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","title":"Fixed-Point and Objective Convergence of Plug-and-Play Algorithms","display_name":"Fixed-Point and Objective Convergence of Plug-and-Play Algorithms","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138006921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","mag":"3138006921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233665","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","issn_l":"2333-9403","issn":["2333-9403","2573-0436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.10348","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016917414","display_name":"Pravin Nair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-1051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pravin Nair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062644223","display_name":"Ruturaj G. Gavaskar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruturaj G. Gavaskar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045035201","display_name":"Kunal N. Chaudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-605X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunal Narayan Chaudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016917414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97766251,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"337","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11205","display_name":"Numerical methods in inverse problems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5473485589027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterated-function","display_name":"Iterated function","score":0.5339627861976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5318759679794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-convergence-theory","display_name":"Symbolic convergence theory","score":0.518212616443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4985024929046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49127334356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.4375036060810089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.42644965648651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.41577330231666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.41256183385849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38838285207748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1915789544582367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5473485589027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140479938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5254619","display_name":"Iterated function","level":2,"score":0.5339627861976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5318759679794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64980692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16191959","display_name":"Symbolic convergence theory","level":3,"score":0.518212616443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4985024929046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49127334356307983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4375036060810089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.42644965648651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.41577330231666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41256183385849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38838285207748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1915789544582367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tci.2021.3066053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233665","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","issn_l":"2333-9403","issn":["2333-9403","2573-0436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai::82782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401429","display_name":"ePrints@IISc (Indian Institute of Science)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2104.10348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10348","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.10348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2104.10348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10348","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.10348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205960364","https://openalex.org/W1494195692","https://openalex.org/W1544177383","https://openalex.org/W1570089119","https://openalex.org/W1575905756","https://openalex.org/W1906770428","https://openalex.org/W1963766113","https://openalex.org/W1963816084","https://openalex.org/W1998419211","https://openalex.org/W2006262236","https://openalex.org/W2019247511","https://openalex.org/W2021347102","https://openalex.org/W2026849320","https://openalex.org/W2055769685","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2087416986","https://openalex.org/W2097073572","https://openalex.org/W2097415784","https://openalex.org/W2099244020","https://openalex.org/W2100522270","https://openalex.org/W2111899019","https://openalex.org/W2117865218","https://openalex.org/W2124541940","https://openalex.org/W2296055064","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2548712274","https://openalex.org/W2573726823","https://openalex.org/W2595897327","https://openalex.org/W2604885021","https://openalex.org/W2613155248","https://openalex.org/W2620976957","https://openalex.org/W2753778655","https://openalex.org/W2765431787","https://openalex.org/W2784344583","https://openalex.org/W2805167149","https://openalex.org/W2810458093","https://openalex.org/W2889700716","https://openalex.org/W2889923760","https://openalex.org/W2890592331","https://openalex.org/W2908554698","https://openalex.org/W2913535645","https://openalex.org/W2945291039","https://openalex.org/W2949128855","https://openalex.org/W2949440985","https://openalex.org/W2950137455","https://openalex.org/W2951646129","https://openalex.org/W2962840844","https://openalex.org/W2963299521","https://openalex.org/W2963391718","https://openalex.org/W2963774720","https://openalex.org/W2963804953","https://openalex.org/W2963814976","https://openalex.org/W2963951741","https://openalex.org/W2964215687","https://openalex.org/W2964261957","https://openalex.org/W2970295501","https://openalex.org/W2970545380","https://openalex.org/W2970651882","https://openalex.org/W2982555286","https://openalex.org/W2997862893","https://openalex.org/W2999778662","https://openalex.org/W3007179209","https://openalex.org/W3010316883","https://openalex.org/W3016440669","https://openalex.org/W3024822880","https://openalex.org/W3026405885","https://openalex.org/W3091385210","https://openalex.org/W3098883944","https://openalex.org/W3101311698","https://openalex.org/W3102025760","https://openalex.org/W3103857625","https://openalex.org/W3104720471","https://openalex.org/W3105425607","https://openalex.org/W3105776658","https://openalex.org/W3122764147","https://openalex.org/W3141595720","https://openalex.org/W3200625292","https://openalex.org/W4212997603","https://openalex.org/W4230960434","https://openalex.org/W4244393449","https://openalex.org/W4288409091","https://openalex.org/W4294285296","https://openalex.org/W4301011647","https://openalex.org/W6744107740","https://openalex.org/W6760820039","https://openalex.org/W6762438721","https://openalex.org/W6763538747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381850946","https://openalex.org/W4380449851","https://openalex.org/W3125091513","https://openalex.org/W4318832338","https://openalex.org/W3103325625","https://openalex.org/W1919390113","https://openalex.org/W4248383205","https://openalex.org/W1486898455","https://openalex.org/W2782547861","https://openalex.org/W2043230024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"standard":[1],"model":[2],"for":[3,81,115,130],"image":[4,50,217],"reconstruction":[5,218],"involves":[6],"the":[7,18,34,39,65,142,173,191,194,201,208],"minimization":[8],"of":[9,64,128,134,172,176],"a":[10,15,48,104,131,183],"data-fidelity":[11,209],"term":[12],"along":[13],"with":[14,38,182,207],"regularizer,":[16],"where":[17,95,141],"optimization":[19],"is":[20,45,68,101,112,144,167],"performed":[21],"using":[22,216],"proximal":[23,35,204],"algorithms":[24],"such":[25,85,153],"as":[26,86,154],"ISTA":[27,42],"and":[28,43,70,109,157,179,203],"ADMM.":[29],"In":[30,89,121],"plug-and-play":[31],"(PnP)":[32],"regularization,":[33],"operator":[36],"(associated":[37],"regularizer)":[40],"in":[41,58,164],"ADMM":[44],"replaced":[46],"by":[47],"powerful":[49],"denoiser.":[51],"Although":[52],"PnP":[53,66],"regularization":[54],"works":[55,94,140],"surprisingly":[56],"well":[57],"practice,":[59],"its":[60],"theoretical":[61],"convergence-whether":[62],"convergence":[63,100,111,129,174,214],"iterates":[67],"guaranteed":[69],"if":[71],"they":[72],"minimize":[73],"some":[74],"objective":[75,99,110],"function-is":[76],"not":[77,113],"completely":[78],"understood":[79],"even":[80],"simple":[82],"linear":[83,135,192],"denoisers":[84,152],"nonlocal":[87,155],"means.":[88],"particular,":[90],"while":[91],"there":[92],"are":[93],"either":[96],"iterate":[97,108],"or":[98],"established":[102],"separately,":[103],"simultaneous":[105],"guarantee":[106],"on":[107,145],"available":[114],"any":[116,159],"denoiser":[117],"to":[118,198],"our":[119,148,213],"knowledge.":[120],"this":[122,165],"paper,":[123],"we":[124,169,180],"establish":[125],"both":[126],"forms":[127],"special":[132,184],"class":[133],"denoisers.":[136],"Notably,":[137],"unlike":[138],"existing":[139],"focus":[143],"symmetric":[146],"denoisers,":[147],"analysis":[149],"covers":[150],"non-symmetric":[151],"means":[156],"almost":[158],"convex":[160],"data-fidelity.":[161],"The":[162],"novelty":[163],"regard":[166],"that":[168],"make":[170],"use":[171],"theory":[175],"averaged":[177],"operators":[178,205],"work":[181],"inner":[185],"product":[186],"(and":[187],"norm)":[188],"derived":[189],"from":[190],"denoiser;":[193],"latter":[195],"requires":[196],"us":[197],"appropriately":[199],"define":[200],"gradient":[202],"associated":[206],"term.":[210],"We":[211],"validate":[212],"results":[215],"experiments.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}