{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155182125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2026.3686430","title":"D2VAuth: Efficient Drone-to-Vehicle Authentication Using Blockchain and Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography","display_name":"D2VAuth: Efficient Drone-to-Vehicle Authentication Using Blockchain and Hyperelliptic Curve Cryptography","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155182125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2026.3686430"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2026.3686430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2026.3686430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114420000","display_name":"Zeeshan Ali Haider","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145034","display_name":"Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ke3vc41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145034"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan Ali Haider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134268604","display_name":"Muhammad Fayaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fayaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042119018","display_name":"Inam Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-569X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inam Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Sujeong-gu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-569X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Sujeong-gu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134349045","display_name":"Muneera Altayeb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104941359","display_name":"Al-Ahliyya Amman University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xddhq60","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104941359"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muneera Altayeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104941359"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034388930","display_name":"Fahad Alblehai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahad Alblehai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Applied Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Applied Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134305039","display_name":"Amr Tolba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-6413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Tolba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Applied Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-6413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Applied Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.25,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97304687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"2","first_page":"2775","last_page":"2786"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.7400000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.7400000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.033900000154972076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.009700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6431999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","score":0.48249998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-authentication-code","display_name":"Message authentication code","score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperelliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Hyperelliptic curve cryptography","score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.36000001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7196000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6431999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167615521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048911","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","level":4,"score":0.48249998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166780011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3005926","display_name":"Hyperelliptic curve cryptography","level":5,"score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34850001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168970074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227146","display_name":"Data Authentication Algorithm","level":4,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515488857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936407","display_name":"Financial cryptography","level":4,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19150895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582616","display_name":"ID-based cryptography","level":5,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020028006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9158","display_name":"Electronic mail","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2026.3686430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2026.3686430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2569463123","https://openalex.org/W2587433218","https://openalex.org/W2795500349","https://openalex.org/W2890103652","https://openalex.org/W2946515855","https://openalex.org/W2953299662","https://openalex.org/W2955336331","https://openalex.org/W3017151162","https://openalex.org/W3177048600","https://openalex.org/W3197591327","https://openalex.org/W4210819793","https://openalex.org/W4286656226","https://openalex.org/W4312667278","https://openalex.org/W4313134679","https://openalex.org/W4327661625","https://openalex.org/W4360995450","https://openalex.org/W4365420256","https://openalex.org/W4372054944","https://openalex.org/W4385076331","https://openalex.org/W4387587676","https://openalex.org/W4387609289","https://openalex.org/W4390533593","https://openalex.org/W4390905877","https://openalex.org/W4391248764","https://openalex.org/W4392175376","https://openalex.org/W4392309216","https://openalex.org/W4392939703","https://openalex.org/W4393033180","https://openalex.org/W4394884454","https://openalex.org/W4399206687","https://openalex.org/W4400489430","https://openalex.org/W4402570183","https://openalex.org/W4403277956","https://openalex.org/W4403722217","https://openalex.org/W4405429365","https://openalex.org/W4407247086","https://openalex.org/W4407937562","https://openalex.org/W4408118366","https://openalex.org/W4410536828","https://openalex.org/W4410986064","https://openalex.org/W4411055186","https://openalex.org/W4413120440","https://openalex.org/W4413330955","https://openalex.org/W4413407966","https://openalex.org/W4414114620","https://openalex.org/W4415707186"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrating":[0],"consumer-grade":[1],"drones":[2],"into":[3],"the":[4,31],"Internet":[5],"of":[6,120,138,144,150,157],"Vehicles":[7],"(IoV)":[8],"can":[9],"extend":[10],"coverage":[11],"and":[12,30,43,100,105,108,118,128,153,170,183],"enable":[13],"low-latency":[14],"services,":[15],"but":[16],"it":[17],"also":[18],"introduces":[19],"authentication":[20,49,68,73,107,172],"challenges":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,40],"high":[24],"mobility,":[25],"intermittent":[26],"connectivity,":[27],"resource":[28],"constraints,":[29],"reliance":[32],"on":[33],"centralized":[34],"trusted":[35],"authorities,":[36],"which":[37],"increases":[38],"exposure":[39],"physical":[41],"compromise":[42],"sophisticated":[44],"attacks.":[45],"Existing":[46],"drone-assisted":[47,176],"IoV":[48,177],"schemes":[50],"are":[51],"often":[52],"computationally":[53],"expensive,":[54],"insufficiently":[55],"scalable,":[56,168],"or":[57],"fragile":[58],"under":[59,159],"disconnections.":[60],"To":[61],"address":[62],"these":[63],"gaps,":[64],"we":[65],"propose":[66],"drone-to-vehicle":[67,72],"(D2VAuth),":[69],"a":[70,86],"lightweight":[71],"framework":[74],"that":[75,165],"combines":[76],"Hyperelliptic":[77],"Curve":[78],"Cryptography":[79],"(HECC)":[80],"for":[81,95,174],"energy-efficient":[82],"key":[83],"establishment":[84],"with":[85,134],"permissioned":[87],"blockchain":[88],"using":[89],"Practical":[90],"Byzantine":[91],"Fault":[92],"Tolerance":[93],"(PBFT)":[94],"decentralized":[96],"trust":[97],"management,":[98],"auditability,":[99],"revocation.":[101],"D2VAuth":[102,166],"supports":[103],"offline":[104],"delayed":[106],"resists":[109],"common":[110],"attacks,":[111],"including":[112],"Sybil,":[113],"replay,":[114],"cloning,":[115],"Man-in-the-Middle":[116],"(MITM),":[117],"Denial":[119],"Service":[121],"(DoS).":[122],"OMNeT++/Castalia":[123],"simulations":[124],"across":[125],"six":[126],"mobility":[127],"density":[129],"scenarios":[130],"demonstrate":[131],"stable":[132],"overhead,":[133],"per-node":[135],"energy":[136],"consumption":[137],"32.82-32.86":[139],"mJ,":[140],"single-session":[141],"creation":[142,148],"time":[143,149],"5.1-135":[145],"ms,":[146,152],"two-session":[147],"39.2-162":[151],"low":[154],"packet":[155],"loss":[156],"1.8-4.1":[158],"higher-density":[160],"deployments.":[161],"These":[162],"results":[163],"indicate":[164],"provides":[167],"energy-efficient,":[169],"resilient":[171],"suitable":[173],"practical":[175],"applications":[178],"such":[179],"as":[180],"logistics,":[181],"surveillance,":[182],"secure":[184],"vehicular":[185],"networks.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2026-04-23T00:00:00"}
