{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116685687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3646842","title":"Energy Consumption Forecasting in Net-Zero Energy Buildings: Firefly-Driven LSTM for Smart Consumer Electronics and Edge-Based Energy Optimization","display_name":"Energy Consumption Forecasting in Net-Zero Energy Buildings: Firefly-Driven LSTM for Smart Consumer Electronics and Edge-Based Energy Optimization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116685687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3646842"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3646842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3646842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090286568","display_name":"Mahmoud Sallam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Sallam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7115-2382","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120967846","display_name":"Deepika","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162030827","display_name":"Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wdq3744","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepika","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091365209","display_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-1700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065370666","display_name":"Neeru Jindal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162030827","display_name":"Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wdq3744","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeru Jindal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-7456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032243366","display_name":"Georges Kaddoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges Kaddoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, &#x00C9;cole de Technologie Sup&#x00E9;rieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120982239","display_name":"Mukesh Singh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162030827","display_name":"Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00wdq3744","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukesh Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-8817","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, and the Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162030827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062910988","display_name":"Yatindra Nath Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-3116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yatindra Nath Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-3116","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50367848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"2","first_page":"3064","last_page":"3079"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.39329999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.39329999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.19359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":0.17730000615119934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7026000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4803999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.3499000072479248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7026000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4803999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58758708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240233","display_name":"Premature convergence","level":3,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35380695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4827434","display_name":"Available energy","level":3,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154982244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451844","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","level":3,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520301825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380170","display_name":"Energy conservation","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3646842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3646842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:33213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Non \u00e9valu\u00e9 par les pairs"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4860613942146301}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Net-Zero":[0],"Energy":[1,27],"Buildings":[2],"(NZEBs)":[3],"are":[4,252],"present-day":[5],"constructions":[6],"capable":[7],"of":[8,34,200,227,245,265,277,307,314,320],"generating":[9],"sufficient":[10],"clean":[11,23],"energy":[12,24,40,44,57,71,76,142,278,285],"for":[13,347],"their":[14],"consumption.":[15],"Since":[16],"these":[17,115,222],"buildings":[18,295],"tend":[19],"to":[20,49,153,158,221,271,283,292,296],"rely":[21],"on":[22],"from":[25],"Renewable":[26],"Sources":[28],"(RESs),":[29],"there":[30],"is":[31,41,47,78,149,177],"a":[32,79,122,242,298],"challenge":[33],"controlling":[35],"when":[36],"and":[37,52,56,69,97,110,129,139,166,190,207,211,229,236,287,317,337,352],"how":[38],"much":[39],"generated.":[42],"Thus,":[43],"consumption":[45,72,77,279],"prediction":[46,85,276],"essential":[48],"manage":[50],"supply":[51,286],"demand":[53],"using":[54,254],"RESs":[55],"storage":[58],"solutions.":[59,219],"However,":[60],"considering":[61],"that":[62,125],"the":[63,83,127,146,224,246,249,255,263,266,272,305,308,327,345],"underlying":[64],"electrical":[65],"appliances":[66],"have":[67],"uncertain":[68],"non-linear":[70],"patterns,":[73],"effectively":[74],"predicting":[75],"tedious":[80],"task.":[81],"Accordingly,":[82],"existing":[84,160,273,324],"schemes,":[86],"such":[87,162,182],"as":[88,154,163,183,269,289,291],"Random":[89],"Forest":[90],"Regressor":[91,95],"(RFR),":[92],"Support":[93],"Vector":[94],"(SVR),":[96],"Long-Short-Term":[98],"Memory":[99],"(LSTM),":[100],"face":[101],"various":[102],"problems":[103],"like":[104],"vanishing":[105],"gradients,":[106],"limited":[107,167],"memory":[108],"cells,":[109],"fixed-length":[111],"inputs.":[112],"To":[113],"overcome":[114],"issues,":[116,161],"in":[117,170,350],"this":[118],"study,":[119],"we":[120],"propose":[121],"hybrid":[123],"framework":[124],"combines":[126],"LSTM":[128,134,228],"Firefly":[130],"(FF)":[131],"optimization":[132],"algorithms.":[133],"learns":[135],"complex":[136,171],"long-term":[137],"dependencies":[138],"efficiently":[140],"predicts":[141],"variations.":[143],"In":[144],"addition,":[145],"standard":[147],"FF":[148,176],"modified":[150,155,178],"(thereafter":[151],"referred":[152],"FF,":[156],"MFF)":[157],"address":[159],"premature":[164],"convergence":[165],"global":[168,208],"search":[169,214],"time-series":[172,258],"data.":[173],"More":[174],"specifically,":[175],"with":[179,333],"additional":[180],"components,":[181],"chaotic":[184],"logistic":[185],"maps,":[186],"adaptive":[187],"inertia":[188],"weight,":[189],"levy":[191],"flight.":[192],"These":[193],"components":[194],"generate":[195],"an":[196,312,318],"initially":[197],"diverse":[198],"population":[199],"fireflies,":[201],"adjust":[202],"attractiveness":[203],"parameters,":[204],"regulate":[205],"local":[206,213],"exploration":[209],"capabilities,":[210],"accelerate":[212],"by":[215],"creating":[216],"new":[217],"best":[218],"Due":[220],"modifications,":[223],"proposed":[225,247,267,309,328],"combination":[226],"MFF":[230],"converges":[231],"faster,":[232],"requires":[233,237],"fewer":[234],"iterations,":[235],"less":[238],"processing":[239],"time.":[240],"For":[241],"comprehensive":[243],"evaluation":[244],"work,":[248],"simulation":[250],"results":[251,261,303],"analyzed":[253],"Portuguese":[256],"house":[257],"dataset.":[259],"The":[260,302],"prove":[262],"efficacy":[264],"methodology":[268],"compared":[270],"schemes.":[274],"Optimized":[275],"can":[280,330],"be":[281,331],"used":[282],"synchronize":[284],"demand,":[288],"well":[290],"facilitate":[293],"green":[294],"create":[297],"more":[299],"sustainable":[300],"environment.":[301],"demonstrate":[304],"effectiveness":[306],"methodology,":[310],"achieving":[311],"RMSE":[313],"23.55":[315],"W":[316],"R\u00b2":[319],"0.99,":[321],"thereby":[322],"surpassing":[323],"approaches.":[325],"Moreover,":[326],"method":[329],"integrated":[332],"smart":[334],"consumer":[335],"electronics":[336],"edge":[338,346],"devices,":[339],"enabling":[340],"real-time,":[341],"energy-efficient":[342],"decision-making":[343],"at":[344],"enhanced":[348],"control":[349],"NZEBs":[351],"beyond.":[353]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-12-22T00:00:00"}
