{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414856527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3618544","title":"ANEF: Adversarial Neural Encryption Framework for Secured Consumer Electronics in Smart Cities","display_name":"ANEF: Adversarial Neural Encryption Framework for Secured Consumer Electronics in Smart Cities","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414856527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3618544"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3618544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3618544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046591880","display_name":"Faeiz Alserhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-7147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faeiz Alserhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering and Networks, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-7147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Networks, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059731290","display_name":"Kamran Ahmad Awan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-3772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamran Ahmad Awan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Numerical Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Information Technology & Numerical Sciences, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-3772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Numerical Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Information Technology & Numerical Sciences, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051912609","display_name":"Amjad Alsirhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-2575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amjad Alsirhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-2575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051712678","display_name":"Nabil Almashfi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabil Almashfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia","Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0775-3710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018586987","display_name":"Korhan Cengiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-8861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104933","display_name":"Biruni University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nkhmn89","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Korhan Cengiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Biruni University, Istanbul, Türkiye","Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-8861","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Biruni University, Istanbul, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79664129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"4","first_page":"12429","last_page":"12436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.964900016784668,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9352999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.7472000122070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary-model","display_name":"Adversary model","score":0.5565000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.38830000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7472000122070312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7092000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7606001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686702","display_name":"Adversary model","level":3,"score":0.5565000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.38830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17137986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215067","display_name":"Orthogonality","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3618544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3618544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2296509296","https://openalex.org/W3156307545","https://openalex.org/W4311298123","https://openalex.org/W4313466914","https://openalex.org/W4315474426","https://openalex.org/W4319986015","https://openalex.org/W4323349081","https://openalex.org/W4365509004","https://openalex.org/W4384787880","https://openalex.org/W4385195087","https://openalex.org/W4385569630","https://openalex.org/W4392309162","https://openalex.org/W4401453985","https://openalex.org/W4406046871","https://openalex.org/W4408047686","https://openalex.org/W4409883181","https://openalex.org/W4410394304","https://openalex.org/W4410536656"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secure":[0],"communication":[1,125],"in":[2],"resource-constrained":[3],"Internet":[4],"of":[5],"Things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"deployments\u2014such":[8],"as":[9,40],"consumer":[10],"electronics":[11],"and":[12,23,57,72,89,110,127],"smart":[13],"city":[14],"infrastructures\u2014faces":[15],"persistent":[16],"challenges":[17],"from":[18],"both":[19],"limited":[20],"processing":[21],"capacity":[22],"increasingly":[24],"adaptive":[25,95],"cyber":[26],"threats.":[27],"This":[28],"work":[29],"introduces":[30],"the":[31,120],"Adversarial":[32,82],"Neural":[33],"Encryption":[34],"Framework":[35],"(ANEF),":[36],"which":[37],"models":[38],"encryption":[39,116],"a":[41,54,101,141,147],"non-invertible":[42],"mapping":[43],"trained":[44],"through":[45,86],"an":[46,51,58],"adversarial":[47,111],"three-agent":[48],"setup":[49],"comprising":[50],"encoder":[52],"(Alice),":[53],"decoder":[55],"(Bob),":[56],"adversary":[59,128,149],"(Eve).":[60],"The":[61],"framework":[62],"integrates":[63],"entropy-regularized":[64],"encryption,":[65],"dynamic":[66],"key":[67],"scheduling":[68],"with":[69,140],"periodic":[70],"reseeding,":[71],"quantization-aware":[73],"optimization":[74],"to":[75],"support":[76],"8-bit":[77],"inference":[78],"on":[79],"constrained":[80],"hardware.":[81],"resistance":[83],"is":[84,98],"reinforced":[85],"residual":[87],"masking":[88],"curvature-based":[90],"penalties,":[91],"improving":[92],"robustness":[93],"against":[94],"attacks.":[96],"Training":[97],"guided":[99],"by":[100],"hybrid":[102],"objective":[103],"that":[104],"balances":[105],"reconstruction":[106],"fidelity,":[107],"orthogonality":[108],"preservation,":[109],"minimization,":[112],"applied":[113],"over":[114],"sequential":[115],"states.":[117],"Experiments":[118],"using":[119],"UNSW-NB15":[121],"dataset":[122],"evaluate":[123],"accuracy,":[124],"overhead,":[126,144],"success":[129,150],"rate":[130],"across":[131],"diverse":[132],"packet":[133],"sizes.":[134],"ANEF":[135],"achieves":[136],"94.7%":[137],"decryption":[138],"accuracy":[139],"10.3%":[142],"transmission":[143],"while":[145],"maintaining":[146],"4.1%":[148],"rate.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}