{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411019812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3576696","title":"Secured and Smart System for Energy Management in Microgrids Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Secured and Smart System for Energy Management in Microgrids Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411019812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3576696"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3576696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3576696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066926449","display_name":"Abdulaziz Almutairi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-9754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulaziz Almutairi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-9754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117826610","display_name":"Sahu Abiyo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahu Abiyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1091-4440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117826611","display_name":"John Hyejian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48076826","display_name":"Chiang Mai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48076826"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Hyejian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand","Department of Computer Engineering, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48076826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94691249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"3","first_page":"8339","last_page":"8346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9476000070571899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9476000070571899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9283000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8012520670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.5600994229316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5494687557220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.47830039262771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.47163960337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39354434609413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3648354709148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.31595319509506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26093918085098267}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8012520670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.5600994229316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5494687557220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.47830039262771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.47163960337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39354434609413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3648354709148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31595319509506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26093918085098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2025.3576696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2025.3576696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2989857369","https://openalex.org/W3074479686","https://openalex.org/W3159543017","https://openalex.org/W4361988330","https://openalex.org/W4386858057","https://openalex.org/W4387789989","https://openalex.org/W4389105028","https://openalex.org/W4391092500","https://openalex.org/W4391547635","https://openalex.org/W4391791465","https://openalex.org/W4396780970","https://openalex.org/W4399618662","https://openalex.org/W4400311088","https://openalex.org/W4401070588","https://openalex.org/W4401415937","https://openalex.org/W4402685573","https://openalex.org/W4402759442","https://openalex.org/W4402830213","https://openalex.org/W4403059172","https://openalex.org/W4404035391","https://openalex.org/W4404368007"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W2328553770","https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W4312501103","https://openalex.org/W3037868018","https://openalex.org/W2354768891","https://openalex.org/W4229332389","https://openalex.org/W1510108650","https://openalex.org/W2322968447","https://openalex.org/W2356819012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,20],"paper":[1,21],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,71,80,84,132],"integration":[4],"of":[5,27,82,122,134],"Deep":[6],"Reinforcement":[7],"Learning":[8],"(DRL)":[9],"and":[10,35,52,95,108,127,147],"Model":[11],"Predictive":[12],"Control":[13],"(MPC)":[14],"for":[15,103],"optimized":[16],"thermal":[17,128],"energy":[18,54,125],"management.":[19],"presents":[22],"a":[23],"novel":[24],"comparative":[25],"analysis":[26],"online-offline":[28],"DRLMPC":[29,38,116],"approaches,":[30],"highlighting":[31],"their":[32],"respective":[33],"advantages":[34],"limitations.":[36],"Online":[37],"adapts":[39],"dynamically":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42,62],"real-time":[43,76],"environmental":[44],"feedback,":[45],"making":[46],"it":[47],"more":[48],"effective":[49],"in":[50,120],"uncertain":[51],"fluctuating":[53],"demand":[55],"conditions.":[56],"In":[57],"contrast,":[58],"offline":[59,118],"DRL-MPC,":[60],"trained":[61],"historical":[63],"data,":[64],"offers":[65],"reduced":[66],"computational":[67,136,148],"overhead":[68],"but":[69],"lacks":[70],"flexibility":[72],"to":[73,75,152],"adjust":[74],"changes.":[77],"To":[78],"enhance":[79],"performance":[81],"DRLMPC,":[83],"model":[85],"incorporates":[86],"hybrid":[87],"optimization":[88],"methods":[89],"such":[90,140],"as":[91,141],"Differential":[92],"Evolution":[93],"(DE)":[94],"Particle":[96],"Swarm":[97],"Optimization":[98],"(PSO),":[99],"fine-tuning":[100],"system":[101,154],"parameters":[102],"improved":[104],"efficiency":[105,149],"(computational":[106],"efficiency)":[107],"cost":[109,123,133,142],"reduction.":[110],"The":[111],"results":[112],"show":[113],"that":[114],"online":[115],"outperforms":[117],"DRL-MPC":[119],"terms":[121],"savings,":[124],"efficiency,":[126],"comfort,":[129],"though":[130],"at":[131],"higher":[135],"demands.":[137],"Evaluation":[138],"metrics":[139],"reduction,":[143],"occupant":[144],"comfort":[145],"levels,":[146],"are":[150],"used":[151],"assess":[153],"performance.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}