{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403511304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3482689","title":"Harnessing Multimodal Data and Deep Learning for Comprehensive Gait Analysis in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy","display_name":"Harnessing Multimodal Data and Deep Learning for Comprehensive Gait Analysis in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403511304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3482689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2024.3482689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3482689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106484204","display_name":"Jing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0467-5984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0467-5984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liangyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5703-7705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Software Technology and Management, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Center for Software Technology and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5703-7705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Software Technology and Management, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Center for Software Technology and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003091988","display_name":"Lip Yee Por","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-1533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lip Yee Por","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-1533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024097894","display_name":"Sami Bourouis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-7039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Bourouis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-7039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026548014","display_name":"Sami Dhahbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-2366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Dhahbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied College of Mahail Aseer, King Khalid University, Muhayil, Saudi Arabia","Applied College of Mahail Aseer, King Khalid University, Muhayil Aseer, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied College of Mahail Aseer, King Khalid University, Muhayil, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied College of Mahail Aseer, King Khalid University, Muhayil Aseer, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080933055","display_name":"Abdullah Ayub Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-7641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308893265","display_name":"Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zwhz281","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308893265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405262999","display_name":"Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari","ror":"https://ror.org/014kd0k59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405262999"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Ayub Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan","Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-7641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308893265","https://openalex.org/I4405262999"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308893265","https://openalex.org/I4405262999"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99594053,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"3","first_page":"5401","last_page":"5410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-palsy","display_name":"Cerebral palsy","score":0.764570951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-analysis","display_name":"Gait analysis","score":0.6746954917907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.5715702176094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.54940265417099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.5426455140113831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4387661814689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.42686885595321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.27470314502716064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779421357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210427","display_name":"Cerebral palsy","level":2,"score":0.764570951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.6746954917907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.5715702176094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.54940265417099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.5426455140113831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4387661814689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.42686885595321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27470314502716064}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2024.3482689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3482689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1676074981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP2/449/45","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","funder_display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494858562","https://openalex.org/W2024380798","https://openalex.org/W2077662287","https://openalex.org/W2163629760","https://openalex.org/W2807219613","https://openalex.org/W2941280619","https://openalex.org/W2942157702","https://openalex.org/W2954479872","https://openalex.org/W2998031482","https://openalex.org/W3000334620","https://openalex.org/W3001711609","https://openalex.org/W3004390072","https://openalex.org/W3011419123","https://openalex.org/W3034501364","https://openalex.org/W3036761867","https://openalex.org/W3047195726","https://openalex.org/W3049688374","https://openalex.org/W3091018539","https://openalex.org/W3095275483","https://openalex.org/W3126328972","https://openalex.org/W3128266492","https://openalex.org/W3137355870","https://openalex.org/W3140980249","https://openalex.org/W3174222500","https://openalex.org/W3187181762","https://openalex.org/W3207189946","https://openalex.org/W4200583049","https://openalex.org/W4210426676","https://openalex.org/W4210670546","https://openalex.org/W4210808642","https://openalex.org/W4285037000","https://openalex.org/W4285105284","https://openalex.org/W4291011402","https://openalex.org/W4313257238","https://openalex.org/W4319994050","https://openalex.org/W4321054294","https://openalex.org/W4365421169","https://openalex.org/W4367173809","https://openalex.org/W4380739316","https://openalex.org/W4387889503","https://openalex.org/W4396605307","https://openalex.org/W4396662556","https://openalex.org/W6774300209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133973503","https://openalex.org/W2471060339","https://openalex.org/W2148547327","https://openalex.org/W1989734657","https://openalex.org/W4226236273","https://openalex.org/W2125892956","https://openalex.org/W4226004263","https://openalex.org/W2130975749","https://openalex.org/W2493973380","https://openalex.org/W2394835211"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cerebral":[0],"palsy":[1,210],"(CP)":[2],"is":[3,28,86],"a":[4,44,69,94,172,198],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,21,56,63,68,147,160,164,169,175,204],"motor":[8],"dysfunction":[9],"in":[10,24,192,207],"children,":[11],"significantly":[12,188],"impacting":[13],"gait":[14,22,148,195,205],"and":[15,18,33,73,89,112,134,144,171,201],"mobility.":[16],"Accurate":[17],"early":[19,64],"diagnosis":[20,40],"abnormalities":[23],"pediatric":[25,208],"CP":[26,39],"patients":[27],"crucial":[29],"for":[30],"effective":[31],"intervention":[32],"management.":[34],"However,":[35],"making":[36],"an":[37,50,158,162,166],"early-stage":[38],"based":[41],"only":[42],"on":[43],"single":[45,70],"vision":[46,71],"modality":[47],"such":[48],"as":[49],"MRI":[51,118],"has":[52],"many":[53],"difficulties.":[54],"Because":[55],"the":[57,61,66,74,84,151,178,185],"baby\u2019s":[58],"obstinate":[59],"movements,":[60],"possibility":[62],"recovery,":[65],"lack":[67],"modality,":[72],"noisy":[75],"or":[76],"absent":[77],"brain":[78],"magnetic":[79],"resonance":[80],"imaging":[81],"(MRI)":[82],"slices,":[83],"task":[85],"getting":[87],"harder":[88],"harder.":[90],"This":[91,123],"study":[92],"employed":[93],"robust":[95],"framework":[96],"that":[97,184],"leverages":[98],"data":[99,125],"from":[100],"multiple":[101],"sensor":[102],"modalities,":[103],"including":[104],"wearable":[105],"inertial":[106],"measurement":[107],"units":[108],"(IMUs),":[109],"pressure-sensitive":[110],"mats,":[111],"motion":[113],"capture":[114,141],"systems":[115],"integrated":[116],"with":[117,157,181],"to":[119,140],"generate":[120],"multimodal":[121,124],"data.":[122],"was":[126],"then":[127],"processed":[128],"using":[129],"convolutional":[130],"neural":[131],"networks":[132,139],"(CNNs)":[133],"long":[135],"short-term":[136],"memory":[137],"(LSTM)":[138],"both":[142],"spatial":[143],"temporal":[145],"dynamics":[146],"patterns.":[149],"In":[150],"experimentation,":[152],"we":[153],"achieved":[154],"remarkable":[155],"results":[156],"accuracy":[159],"95.33%,":[161],"AUC":[163],"96.2%,":[165],"F1":[167],"score":[168],"95.28%,":[170],"misclassification":[173],"rate":[174],"0.0467.":[176],"Also,":[177],"comparative":[179],"analysis":[180],"state-of-the-art":[182],"demonstrates":[183],"proposed":[186],"approach":[187],"outperforms":[189],"traditional":[190],"methods":[191],"identifying":[193],"subtle":[194],"abnormalities,":[196],"providing":[197],"more":[199],"detailed":[200],"accurate":[202],"assessment":[203],"deviations":[206],"cerebral":[209],"patients.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":53}],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
