{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401416048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3439691","title":"A Covert Communication Method Based on Time Attributes Shifting of Online Video Bullet Comment","display_name":"A Covert Communication Method Based on Time Attributes Shifting of Online Video Bullet Comment","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401416048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3439691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2024.3439691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3439691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101915805","display_name":"Chun Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-4565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091712","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00b3j7936","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chun Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330760","display_name":"Zhenyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4852-5055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091712","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00b3j7936","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102018721","display_name":"Xiangyang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-2950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091712","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00b3j7936","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and the Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, and Henan Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Situation Awareness, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101915805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091712"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64919854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"4","first_page":"6472","last_page":"6483"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6480737924575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.5542334318161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-recording","display_name":"Video recording","score":0.4362153112888336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3534654974937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3368809223175049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6480737924575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.5542334318161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988634675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34508","display_name":"Video recording","level":2,"score":0.4362153112888336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3534654974937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3368809223175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2024.3439691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2024.3439691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4169049969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3102900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4197409684","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB3102900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7530345814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202495","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7798291704","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172435","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7817342302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20305","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021806119","https://openalex.org/W2087928947","https://openalex.org/W2088339902","https://openalex.org/W2170311913","https://openalex.org/W2588463901","https://openalex.org/W2793291280","https://openalex.org/W2892948265","https://openalex.org/W2904696329","https://openalex.org/W2953197802","https://openalex.org/W2974210174","https://openalex.org/W2996234703","https://openalex.org/W2998073776","https://openalex.org/W3004926132","https://openalex.org/W3013187982","https://openalex.org/W3039769840","https://openalex.org/W3046549894","https://openalex.org/W3134876667","https://openalex.org/W4205458009","https://openalex.org/W4253000688","https://openalex.org/W4296338355","https://openalex.org/W4318832544","https://openalex.org/W4319878941","https://openalex.org/W4375869290","https://openalex.org/W4387241062","https://openalex.org/W4389104695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W2497612952","https://openalex.org/W4247948804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,118,147],"covert":[1,48],"communication":[2,49],"method,":[3],"which":[4],"utilizes":[5],"video":[6,58,224],"bullet":[7,41,59,74,101,116,137,152,158,177],"comments,":[8],"can":[9],"significantly":[10],"enhance":[11],"the":[12,15,23,35,64,70,78,94,109,125,135,141,150,167,189,195,232,236],"interaction":[13],"between":[14],"two":[16,202],"parties":[17],"engaged":[18],"in":[19,160,227,231],"social":[20],"media.":[21],"However,":[22],"current":[24],"method":[25,50,238],"suffers":[26],"from":[27,114,156,174,180],"inadequate":[28],"transmission":[29,233],"capacity":[30,234],"as":[31],"a":[32,47,228],"result":[33],"of":[34,38,56,72,80,124,134,149,162],"restricted":[36],"payload":[37],"an":[39],"individual":[40],"comment.":[42],"To":[43],"address":[44],"this":[45],"issue,":[46],"based":[51,76],"on":[52,77,217,222],"time":[53,91,122,164,196],"attribute":[54],"shifting":[55,132,197],"online":[57],"comments":[60,75,87,102,127,138,153,159,178],"is":[61,154,198],"proposed.":[62],"On":[63,166],"sending":[65],"end,":[66,169],"it":[67,170],"initially":[68],"determines":[69],"number":[71],"loaded":[73,110,126,151,176],"length":[79],"secret":[81,142,185],"information":[82,143],"and":[83,120,213],"appropriately":[84],"distributes":[85],"these":[86],"across":[88],"multiple":[89],"relative":[90,119,163],"slots":[92],"within":[93,97],"video.":[95],"Subsequently,":[96],"each":[98],"slot,":[99],"reference":[100,136],"that":[103],"correspond":[104],"one":[105,107],"by":[106,131,200],"to":[108,140,144,182],"ones":[111],"are":[112,128,220],"selected":[113],"existing":[115],"comments.":[117],"absolute":[121],"attributes":[123,173],"then":[129],"generated":[130],"those":[133],"according":[139],"be":[145],"embedded.":[146],"content":[148],"derived":[155],"adjacent":[157],"terms":[161],"dimension.":[165],"receiving":[168],"extracts":[171],"dual-time":[172],"downloaded":[175],"obtained":[179],"websites":[181],"retrieve":[183],"reverse":[184],"information.":[186],"Through":[187],"experiments,":[188],"best":[190],"safe":[191],"interval":[192],"for":[193],"controlling":[194],"achieved":[199],"employing":[201],"evaluation":[203],"methods,":[204],"<inline-formula":[205],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[207],"<tex-math":[208],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\epsilon":[209],"$":[210],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-similarity":[211],"score":[212],"Compressibility":[214],"score.":[215],"Based":[216],"this,":[218],"experiments":[219],"conducted":[221],"various":[223],"platforms,":[225],"resulting":[226],"significant":[229],"increase":[230],"using":[235],"proposed":[237],"at":[239],"least":[240],"2.50":[241],"times.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}