{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389230206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2023.3337668","title":"PowerID: Using Supply-Side Impedances of Power Delivery Networks as Signatures for Consumer Electronics","display_name":"PowerID: Using Supply-Side Impedances of Power Delivery Networks as Signatures for Consumer Electronics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389230206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2023.3337668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2023.3337668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2023.3337668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039709669","display_name":"Ivan Miketic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-2640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Miketic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-2640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061262597","display_name":"Emre Salman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-6803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emre Salman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-6803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17884864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"1","first_page":"378","last_page":"388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.6057270765304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5584855079650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5506554841995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5328747630119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5164556503295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-variation","display_name":"Process variation","score":0.5129861235618591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.4964364171028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.43262535333633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.4315086305141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33688369393348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3324388861656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3003774881362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.28385797142982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10285294055938721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.6057270765304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5584855079650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5506554841995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5328747630119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5164556503295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93389723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247313","display_name":"Process variation","level":3,"score":0.5129861235618591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.4964364171028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.43262535333633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4315086305141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33688369393348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3324388861656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3003774881362915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.28385797142982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10285294055938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2023.3337668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2023.3337668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42037993","https://openalex.org/W1582894122","https://openalex.org/W1590916235","https://openalex.org/W1595368737","https://openalex.org/W1883969417","https://openalex.org/W1922829621","https://openalex.org/W1949272761","https://openalex.org/W1987835579","https://openalex.org/W1995871244","https://openalex.org/W2012032225","https://openalex.org/W2069083712","https://openalex.org/W2088455835","https://openalex.org/W2099101940","https://openalex.org/W2102014077","https://openalex.org/W2116359098","https://openalex.org/W2122488218","https://openalex.org/W2123482651","https://openalex.org/W2141934212","https://openalex.org/W2151815409","https://openalex.org/W2152383544","https://openalex.org/W2152406824","https://openalex.org/W2164152592","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2169653921","https://openalex.org/W2170510975","https://openalex.org/W2295736532","https://openalex.org/W2595684495","https://openalex.org/W2766437760","https://openalex.org/W2945165238","https://openalex.org/W2955419213","https://openalex.org/W3127052416","https://openalex.org/W3183496847","https://openalex.org/W4205308938","https://openalex.org/W4206272744","https://openalex.org/W4246022059","https://openalex.org/W4252995036","https://openalex.org/W4292968438","https://openalex.org/W4312597888","https://openalex.org/W4378191137","https://openalex.org/W4388858964","https://openalex.org/W6639364004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067417168","https://openalex.org/W2167635576","https://openalex.org/W2095997682","https://openalex.org/W2131658212","https://openalex.org/W2080140894","https://openalex.org/W3110692200","https://openalex.org/W2360447293","https://openalex.org/W2019315587","https://openalex.org/W1494289317","https://openalex.org/W1622950833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrated":[0],"circuits":[1],"(ICs)":[2],"have":[3],"become":[4],"increasingly":[5],"susceptible":[6],"to":[7,10,113,139,153],"counterfeiting":[8],"due":[9],"globalization":[11],"of":[12,56,127,134,143],"the":[13,51,140,161],"semiconductor":[14],"supply":[15],"chain.":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18,20,46,102],"paper,":[19],"issue":[21],"is":[22,147],"addressed":[23],"with":[24,45],"a":[25,60,66,156],"novel":[26],"IC":[27,116,158],"authentication":[28],"approach":[29,103],"by":[30,49,82],"leveraging":[31],"both":[32],"on-chip":[33],"(transistor":[34],"and":[35,37,118,129],"interconnect)":[36],"package-level":[38],"process":[39,144],"variations.":[40],"Unique":[41],"IDs":[42],"are":[43,111,136],"generated":[44,162],"random":[47,141],"variation":[48],"obtaining":[50],"supply-side":[52],"power":[53],"network":[54],"impedances":[55],"packaged":[57],"ICs":[58],"over":[59],"certain":[61],"frequency":[62],"range.":[63],"PowerID":[64],"requires":[65],"simpler":[67],"measurement":[68],"setup":[69],"than":[70],"other":[71],"offline":[72],"signature":[73],"generation":[74],"techniques":[75],"that":[76,96,159],"rely":[77,97],"on":[78,98],"measuring":[79],"path":[80],"delays":[81],"generating":[83],"specific":[84],"input":[85],"patterns.":[86],"Unlike":[87],"existing":[88],"methods,":[89],"such":[90,121],"as":[91,122],"physically":[92],"unclonable":[93],"functions":[94],"(PUFs)":[95],"dedicated":[99],"circuit":[100],"structures,":[101],"does":[104],"not":[105],"require":[106],"any":[107],"additional":[108],"circuitry.":[109],"Simulations":[110],"performed":[112],"model":[114],"1,000":[115],"instances":[117],"common":[119],"metrics":[120],"uniqueness":[123],"(average":[124,131],"inter-Hamming":[125],"distance":[126,133],"49.5%)":[128],"robustness":[130],"intra-Hamming":[132],"1%)":[135],"reported.":[137],"Due":[138],"nature":[142],"variations,":[145],"it":[146],"highly":[148],"challenging":[149],"for":[150],"an":[151],"attacker":[152],"deliberately":[154],"produce":[155],"counterfeit":[157],"matches":[160],"unique":[163],"signatures.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
