{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4207059794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2022.3145397","title":"Low-Complexity Intra Coding in Versatile Video Coding","display_name":"Low-Complexity Intra Coding in Versatile Video Coding","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4207059794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2022.3145397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2022.3145397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2022.3145397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043569112","display_name":"Kiho Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-0440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kiho Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Gacheon University, Seongnam, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-0440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Gacheon University, Seongnam, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067246239","display_name":"The Van Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-4023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"The Van Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-4023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103111548","display_name":"Yongho Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5953-5312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongho Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5953-5312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420799","display_name":"Jin Young Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-2633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Young Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-2633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043569112"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87060178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"2","first_page":"119","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.882580041885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7352133989334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-tree-unit","display_name":"Coding tree unit","score":0.6588590145111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6524306535720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-efficiency","display_name":"Algorithmic efficiency","score":0.6104403138160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiview-video-coding","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","score":0.6041010618209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-adaptive-binary-arithmetic-coding","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","score":0.6028132438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.4758738577365875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.47385266423225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalable-video-coding","display_name":"Scalable Video Coding","score":0.4519779086112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-network-coding","display_name":"Linear network coding","score":0.4442254602909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32450753450393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-compensation","display_name":"Motion compensation","score":0.3061785101890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2951164245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-processing","display_name":"Video processing","score":0.28496992588043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.28036463260650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.2674836814403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.22020959854125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.178168386220932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.12000396847724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10527455806732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.061937570571899414}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.882580041885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7352133989334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.6588590145111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6524306535720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116709606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Algorithmic efficiency","level":3,"score":0.6104403138160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23431618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404672","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","level":4,"score":0.6041010618209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175732694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128713","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","level":3,"score":0.6028132438659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.4758738577365875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.47385266423225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133529210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076113","display_name":"Scalable Video Coding","level":3,"score":0.4519779086112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138293262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089578","display_name":"Linear network coding","level":3,"score":0.4442254602909088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32450753450393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128840427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1302174","display_name":"Motion compensation","level":2,"score":0.3061785101890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2951164245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.28496992588043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28036463260650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.2674836814403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.22020959854125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.178168386220932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.12000396847724915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10527455806732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.061937570571899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2022.3145397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2022.3145397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4899197749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2021R1F1A1060816","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5145574013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2020M3F6A1109603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6257727150","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2021R1C1C1006459","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54257720","https://openalex.org/W145900035","https://openalex.org/W2076379468","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2214802144","https://openalex.org/W2242218935","https://openalex.org/W2747898905","https://openalex.org/W2885812054","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963610452","https://openalex.org/W2999240274","https://openalex.org/W3090851217","https://openalex.org/W3113521585","https://openalex.org/W3135530072","https://openalex.org/W3143948201","https://openalex.org/W3168354393","https://openalex.org/W3194601512","https://openalex.org/W3196358730","https://openalex.org/W4221089885","https://openalex.org/W4242600650","https://openalex.org/W6800004862","https://openalex.org/W6801606445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089172069","https://openalex.org/W2539891235","https://openalex.org/W2098766434","https://openalex.org/W4207059794","https://openalex.org/W2129821479","https://openalex.org/W2252489393","https://openalex.org/W2072461723","https://openalex.org/W2072993124","https://openalex.org/W2129072908","https://openalex.org/W3105214063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Versatile":[0],"Video":[1,27],"Coding":[2],"(VVC)":[3],"was":[4],"finalized":[5],"in":[6,47,86,125],"2020":[7],"and":[8,70,89,118],"offered":[9],"promising":[10],"coding":[11,49,65,123],"efficiency":[12],"with":[13,142],"a":[14,35,52],"bitrate":[15],"reduction":[16,134],"of":[17,82,106,120,135],"about":[18],"50%":[19],"for":[20],"same":[21],"video":[22,85,144],"quality":[23],"as":[24],"High":[25],"Efficiency":[26],"Coding.":[28],"However,":[29],"its":[30],"high":[31,45,133],"encoding":[32,137],"complexity":[33,46,119,138],"is":[34,75,100],"heavy":[36],"burden":[37],"on":[38],"real-time":[39],"applications.":[40],"In":[41,92,110],"particular,":[42],"the":[43,80,93,104,107,116,131,136],"very":[44],"intra":[48,64,122],"can":[50,139],"be":[51,140],"big":[53],"barrier":[54],"into":[55],"market":[56],"entry.":[57],"This":[58],"paper":[59,113],"presents":[60],"an":[61,83],"efficient":[62],"low-complexity":[63],"scheme,":[66],"which":[67],"employs":[68],"downsampling":[69,74],"upsampling":[71],"processes.":[72],"The":[73],"simply":[76],"performed":[77],"by":[78],"reducing":[79],"resolution":[81,105],"original":[84],"both":[87],"horizontal":[88],"vertical":[90],"directions.":[91],"upsampling,":[94],"convolutional":[95],"neural":[96],"network":[97],"based":[98],"super-resolution":[99],"used":[101],"to":[102],"increase":[103],"reconstructed":[108],"video.":[109],"addition,":[111],"this":[112],"thoroughly":[114],"analyzes":[115],"performance":[117],"all":[121],"tools":[124],"VVC.":[126],"Experimental":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"that":[130],"significantly":[132],"achieved":[141],"acceptable":[143],"quality.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
