{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156099842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","title":"Robust mandarin speech recognition in car environments for embedded navigation system","display_name":"Robust mandarin speech recognition in car environments for embedded navigation system","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156099842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","mag":"2156099842"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035476293","display_name":"Ding Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-0690"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101820632","display_name":"Lei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9870-8739"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101475514","display_name":"Xiang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-9898"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103264680","display_name":"Rui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3200-1513"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003317644","display_name":"Jie Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-2097"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Speech Group, Toshiba Company, Research and Development Center, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7605,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74747475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"2","first_page":"584","last_page":"590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.8239376544952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7588036060333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6952844858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.5765922665596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5270925760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5252244472503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.5099297761917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4526398777961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.42453733086586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.41707879304885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37852978706359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3781067132949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.16939300298690796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.8239376544952393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7588036060333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6952844858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.5765922665596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5270925760269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5252244472503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.5099297761917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4526398777961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.42453733086586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41707879304885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37852978706359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3781067132949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.16939300298690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tce.2008.4560134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126824455","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","issn_l":"0098-3063","issn":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5524598","https://openalex.org/W8389927","https://openalex.org/W153989523","https://openalex.org/W1279245896","https://openalex.org/W2045036776","https://openalex.org/W2053292927","https://openalex.org/W2080921589","https://openalex.org/W2091098478","https://openalex.org/W2121973264","https://openalex.org/W2126597753","https://openalex.org/W2128653836","https://openalex.org/W2130379466","https://openalex.org/W2148154194","https://openalex.org/W2151899309","https://openalex.org/W2164069311","https://openalex.org/W2167188741","https://openalex.org/W3144309514","https://openalex.org/W3147539069","https://openalex.org/W6600211438","https://openalex.org/W6600347316","https://openalex.org/W6606199742"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4236233151","https://openalex.org/W2032265864","https://openalex.org/W2123012529","https://openalex.org/W2060471688","https://openalex.org/W2108904499","https://openalex.org/W1991538182","https://openalex.org/W2149529660","https://openalex.org/W1891566590","https://openalex.org/W2059669563","https://openalex.org/W2403379316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"low-cost":[1],"robust":[2],"Mandarin":[3,112,154],"speech":[4,55,113],"recognition":[5,132,166],"system":[6],"is":[7,24,36,59,89,96,118],"investigated":[8],"for":[9],"embedded":[10],"car":[11,94],"navigation":[12],"application.":[13],"In":[14,81,108],"the":[15,28,40,51,74,105,109,119,125,131,135,149,168,171],"front-end,":[16],"log-spectral":[17],"minimum":[18],"mean-square":[19],"error":[20],"(LogMMSE)":[21],"estimation":[22],"algorithm":[23],"applied":[25],"to":[26,38,49,71,99,103,147,156],"suppress":[27],"background":[29],"noise,":[30],"and":[31,64],"a":[32,115,141],"piece-wise":[33],"linear":[34],"function":[35,47],"used":[37],"approximate":[39],"traditional":[41],"Taylor":[42],"expansion":[43],"in":[44,61,91],"its":[45],"gain":[46],"calculation":[48],"reduce":[50],"computational":[52],"complexity.":[53],"After":[54],"enhancement,":[56],"spectral":[57,75],"smoothing":[58],"implemented":[60],"both":[62],"time":[63],"frequency":[65],"indexes":[66],"with":[67,140,151,158],"geometric":[68],"sequence":[69],"weights":[70],"further":[72],"compensate":[73],"components":[76],"distorted":[77],"by":[78],"noise":[79,95],"over-reduction.":[80],"acoustic":[82,136],"model":[83],"training,":[84],"an":[85],"immunity":[86],"learning":[87],"scheme":[88],"applied,":[90],"which":[92],"pre-recorded":[93],"artificially":[97],"added":[98],"clean":[100],"training":[101],"utterances":[102],"simulate":[104],"in-car":[106],"environment.":[107],"context":[110],"of":[111,121,163,170],"recognition,":[114],"special":[116],"difficulty":[117],"diversity":[120],"Chinese":[122],"dialects,":[123],"i.e.":[124],"pronunciation":[126],"difference":[127],"among":[128],"accents":[129],"degrades":[130],"performance":[133],"if":[134],"models":[137,150],"are":[138],"trained":[139],"mismatched":[142],"accented":[143,153],"database.":[144],"We":[145],"propose":[146],"train":[148],"multiple":[152],"databases":[155],"deal":[157],"this":[159],"problem.":[160],"Evaluation":[161],"results":[162],"isolated":[164],"phrase":[165],"confirm":[167],"effectivity":[169],"proposed":[172],"technologies.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
