{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200010671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548","title":"Morphological Development in Robotic Learning: A Survey","display_name":"Morphological Development in Robotic Learning: A Survey","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200010671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2488537894","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems","issn_l":"2379-8920","issn":["2379-8920","2379-8939"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/portal/da/publications/744cb4ad-57ec-45ec-9c72-28cd0f3ad357","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042757959","display_name":"M. Naya-Varela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-4129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Naya-Varela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Group for Engineering Research, Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC), Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Coru\u00f1a, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Group for Engineering Research, Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC), Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035172531","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s Fa\u00ed\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-6988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","display_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/02309jg23","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andres Faina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Robotics, Evolution and Art Laboratory (REAL), IT University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Robotics, Evolution and Art Laboratory (REAL), IT University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036723055","display_name":"Richard J. Duro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6807-524X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard J. Duro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Group for Engineering Research, Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC), Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Coru\u00f1a, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Group for Engineering Research, Centre for Information and Communications Technology Research (CITIC), Universidade da Coru\u00f1a, Coru\u00f1a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042757959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3508,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88789012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"750","last_page":"768"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8216456174850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48305898904800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4397128224372864}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8216456174850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48305898904800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4397128224372864}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2021.3052548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2488537894","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems","issn_l":"2379-8920","issn":["2379-8920","2379-8939"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/744cb4ad-57ec-45ec-9c72-28cd0f3ad357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/portal/da/publications/744cb4ad-57ec-45ec-9c72-28cd0f3ad357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196680","display_name":"IT University Of Copenhagen (IT University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","host_organization_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Naya, M, Faina, A & Duro, R 2021, 'Morphological Development in robotic learning: A survey', IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCDS.2021.3052548","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ruc.udc.es:2183/39255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2183/39255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402204","display_name":"RUC (Universidade Da Coru\u00f1a)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/744cb4ad-57ec-45ec-9c72-28cd0f3ad357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.itu.dk/portal/da/publications/744cb4ad-57ec-45ec-9c72-28cd0f3ad357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196680","display_name":"IT University Of Copenhagen (IT University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83467386","host_organization_name":"IT University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83467386"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Naya, M, Faina, A & Duro, R 2021, 'Morphological Development in robotic learning: A survey', IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCDS.2021.3052548","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2002218937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-101114-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3199046289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ED431G 2019/01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3535666183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ED431C 2017/12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326655","funder_display_name":"Xunta de Galicia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326655","display_name":"Xunta de Galicia","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xnw06"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":234,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81253939","https://openalex.org/W99253515","https://openalex.org/W123135133","https://openalex.org/W157606319","https://openalex.org/W203790626","https://openalex.org/W286879733","https://openalex.org/W570008433","https://openalex.org/W657430534","https://openalex.org/W1482287925","https://openalex.org/W1489056409","https://openalex.org/W1500287723","https://openalex.org/W1515749184","https://openalex.org/W1524019357","https://openalex.org/W1533823945","https://openalex.org/W1538524575","https://openalex.org/W1556695557","https://openalex.org/W1557079877","https://openalex.org/W1562462135","https://openalex.org/W1566013867","https://openalex.org/W1585565342","https://openalex.org/W1588132449","https://openalex.org/W1592782129","https://openalex.org/W1597685670","https://openalex.org/W1603592219","https://openalex.org/W1608391772","https://openalex.org/W1609223620","https://openalex.org/W1738827650","https://openalex.org/W1747988083","https://openalex.org/W1784796383","https://openalex.org/W1787284831","https://openalex.org/W1945123189","https://openalex.org/W1963997705","https://openalex.org/W1964345753","https://openalex.org/W1964395786","https://openalex.org/W1966089223","https://openalex.org/W1967679097","https://openalex.org/W1976147785","https://openalex.org/W1976782987","https://openalex.org/W1977023370","https://openalex.org/W1978161072","https://openalex.org/W1980508363","https://openalex.org/W1980510330","https://openalex.org/W1981232017","https://openalex.org/W1981517409","https://openalex.org/W1982976845","https://openalex.org/W1983023919","https://openalex.org/W1984588653","https://openalex.org/W1987693278","https://openalex.org/W1988976106","https://openalex.org/W1989974095","https://openalex.org/W1990018968","https://openalex.org/W1991564165","https://openalex.org/W1991745704","https://openalex.org/W1996763811","https://openalex.org/W1999424507","https://openalex.org/W2000121968","https://openalex.org/W2001818065","https://openalex.org/W2005663711","https://openalex.org/W2006038922","https://openalex.org/W2006263594","https://openalex.org/W2007169544","https://openalex.org/W2007924815","https://openalex.org/W2011705506","https://openalex.org/W2011934537","https://openalex.org/W2013265868","https://openalex.org/W2014758345","https://openalex.org/W2019217888","https://openalex.org/W2022198617","https://openalex.org/W2022248835","https://openalex.org/W2022760514","https://openalex.org/W2023015865","https://openalex.org/W2023869318","https://openalex.org/W2024385887","https://openalex.org/W2029877510","https://openalex.org/W2031731622","https://openalex.org/W2032045505","https://openalex.org/W2033261107","https://openalex.org/W2037260614","https://openalex.org/W2038873597","https://openalex.org/W2040240188","https://openalex.org/W2041534312","https://openalex.org/W2041762764","https://openalex.org/W2041937519","https://openalex.org/W2042494711","https://openalex.org/W2046419305","https://openalex.org/W2047032910","https://openalex.org/W2048058874","https://openalex.org/W2048094878","https://openalex.org/W2050802277","https://openalex.org/W2050963907","https://openalex.org/W2052906438","https://openalex.org/W2061157508","https://openalex.org/W2062227830","https://openalex.org/W2070194056","https://openalex.org/W2072674802","https://openalex.org/W2074332749","https://openalex.org/W2074660036","https://openalex.org/W2079597002","https://openalex.org/W2083509963","https://openalex.org/W2083593172","https://openalex.org/W2083701746","https://openalex.org/W2084342166","https://openalex.org/W2085539923","https://openalex.org/W2089745666","https://openalex.org/W2090166018","https://openalex.org/W2091369526","https://openalex.org/W2093349877","https://openalex.org/W2093601273","https://openalex.org/W2093856425","https://openalex.org/W2095064203","https://openalex.org/W2098456436","https://openalex.org/W2099766476","https://openalex.org/W2102484448","https://openalex.org/W2103633624","https://openalex.org/W2103825197","https://openalex.org/W2107099303","https://openalex.org/W2108425554","https://openalex.org/W2110525007","https://openalex.org/W2114477929","https://openalex.org/W2116165953","https://openalex.org/W2119233587","https://openalex.org/W2123086658","https://openalex.org/W2125356896","https://openalex.org/W2131708731","https://openalex.org/W2132335923","https://openalex.org/W2132736959","https://openalex.org/W2138971019","https://openalex.org/W2142665664","https://openalex.org/W2142714010","https://openalex.org/W2143736276","https://openalex.org/W2144105913","https://openalex.org/W2146239875","https://openalex.org/W2146671902","https://openalex.org/W2147006977","https://openalex.org/W2147211325","https://openalex.org/W2147211970","https://openalex.org/W2147265818","https://openalex.org/W2148592996","https://openalex.org/W2149841830","https://openalex.org/W2151001101","https://openalex.org/W2151834591","https://openalex.org/W2153825363","https://openalex.org/W2154409655","https://openalex.org/W2154472833","https://openalex.org/W2155352776","https://openalex.org/W2155631861","https://openalex.org/W2157892222","https://openalex.org/W2157904933","https://openalex.org/W2162850206","https://openalex.org/W2163668399","https://openalex.org/W2163763839","https://openalex.org/W2165162620","https://openalex.org/W2166725121","https://openalex.org/W2208576078","https://openalex.org/W2212796940","https://openalex.org/W2218684819","https://openalex.org/W2277353552","https://openalex.org/W2288663400","https://openalex.org/W2295357878","https://openalex.org/W2296073425","https://openalex.org/W2351310339","https://openalex.org/W2500440871","https://openalex.org/W2523702705","https://openalex.org/W2551537403","https://openalex.org/W2573441356","https://openalex.org/W2576246534","https://openalex.org/W2580504612","https://openalex.org/W2583494560","https://openalex.org/W2595154231","https://openalex.org/W2611179787","https://openalex.org/W2616430965","https://openalex.org/W2625014193","https://openalex.org/W2630981662","https://openalex.org/W2734325473","https://openalex.org/W2737491236","https://openalex.org/W2744703384","https://openalex.org/W2768322563","https://openalex.org/W2771878491","https://openalex.org/W2774365095","https://openalex.org/W2775410230","https://openalex.org/W2783111293","https://openalex.org/W2796003131","https://openalex.org/W2803302258","https://openalex.org/W2892673593","https://openalex.org/W2911706087","https://openalex.org/W2912446011","https://openalex.org/W2921854697","https://openalex.org/W2947934210","https://openalex.org/W2957933134","https://openalex.org/W2963534270","https://openalex.org/W2985106077","https://openalex.org/W3013275574","https://openalex.org/W3091516501","https://openalex.org/W3098239557","https://openalex.org/W3098887992","https://openalex.org/W3100499793","https://openalex.org/W3106528330","https://openalex.org/W3108598651","https://openalex.org/W4205233979","https://openalex.org/W4206428659","https://openalex.org/W4230072952","https://openalex.org/W4230505889","https://openalex.org/W4231327205","https://openalex.org/W4232680884","https://openalex.org/W4233071312","https://openalex.org/W4235114045","https://openalex.org/W4236137112","https://openalex.org/W4239877614","https://openalex.org/W4244376398","https://openalex.org/W4246471995","https://openalex.org/W4252377156","https://openalex.org/W4254406898","https://openalex.org/W4254729412","https://openalex.org/W4297795006","https://openalex.org/W4388301648","https://openalex.org/W6603291929","https://openalex.org/W6604028021","https://openalex.org/W6632398318","https://openalex.org/W6635094251","https://openalex.org/W6635478700","https://openalex.org/W6637833800","https://openalex.org/W6682740184","https://openalex.org/W6731859789","https://openalex.org/W6734724097","https://openalex.org/W6737937804","https://openalex.org/W6740888197","https://openalex.org/W6746490243","https://openalex.org/W6747693029","https://openalex.org/W6762868464","https://openalex.org/W6765663661","https://openalex.org/W6836872083","https://openalex.org/W6981053860","https://openalex.org/W6987844526","https://openalex.org/W7044164732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"and":[1,83,91,116,153,168],"animals":[2],"undergo":[3],"morphological":[4],"development":[5,34],"(MD)":[6],"processes":[7],"from":[8],"infancy":[9],"to":[10,16,45,101,103],"adulthood":[11],"that":[12,52,74,178],"have":[13,118],"been":[14,119],"shown":[15],"facilitate":[17],"learning.":[18,109],"However,":[19],"most":[20,124],"of":[21,35,39,49,62,79,85,134,165,172,176],"the":[22,33,36,40,50,58,72,77,80,94,122,129,132,135,146,166,173],"work":[23,51,95,133],"on":[24,93,107],"developmental":[25,154],"robotics":[26],"(DRs)":[27],"considers":[28],"fixed":[29],"morphologies,":[30],"addressing":[31],"only":[32],"cognitive":[37],"system":[38],"robots.":[41,65],"This":[42],"article":[43],"aims":[44],"provide":[46],"a":[47,86],"survey":[48],"is":[53,143],"being":[54],"carried":[55,96],"out":[56,97],"within":[57],"relatively":[59],"new":[60],"field":[61],"MD":[63,70],"in":[64,76,128,156,158,182],"In":[66],"particular,":[67],"it":[68],"contemplates":[69],"as":[71,121,160,162],"changes":[73],"occur":[75],"properties":[78],"joints,":[81],"links":[82],"sensors":[84],"robot":[87,108],"during":[88],"its":[89],"lifetime":[90],"focuses":[92],"by":[98],"different":[99,136],"authors":[100,137],"try":[102],"determine":[104],"their":[105],"influence":[106],"To":[110],"this":[111,183],"end,":[112],"walking,":[113],"reaching,":[114],"grasping":[115],"vocalization":[117],"identified":[120],"four":[123],"representative":[125],"tasks":[126],"addressed":[127],"field,":[130],"clustering":[131],"around":[138],"them.":[139],"The":[140],"approach":[141],"followed":[142],"multidisciplinary,":[144],"discussing":[145],"relationships":[147],"among":[148],"DRs,":[149],"embodied":[150],"artificial":[151],"intelligence":[152],"psychology":[155],"humans":[157],"general,":[159],"well":[161],"for":[163],"each":[164],"tasks,":[167],"providing":[169],"an":[170],"overview":[171],"many":[174],"avenues":[175],"research":[177],"are":[179],"still":[180],"open":[181],"field.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}
