{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124882606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298","title":"Game-Theoretic Load Balancing Control for IRS-Aided Multi-AP Joint Transmission in THz Industrial IoT Networks","display_name":"Game-Theoretic Load Balancing Control for IRS-Aided Multi-AP Joint Transmission in THz Industrial IoT Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124882606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056945385","display_name":"Yishi Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yishi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122885774","display_name":"Yuichi Kawamoto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuichi Kawamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120903399","display_name":"Nei Kato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nei Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123446422","display_name":"Kazuto Yano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuto Yano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123381994","display_name":"Toshikazu Sakano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshikazu Sakano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056945385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16752891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"5258","last_page":"5267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.5382000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.5382000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.20409999787807465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.05530000105500221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.589900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5895000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5113000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-internet","display_name":"Industrial Internet","score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-management","display_name":"Load management","score":0.44440001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.40139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8154000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.589900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5895000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5726000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5113000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202839342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60740481","display_name":"Industrial Internet","level":3,"score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.44440001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108921912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834639","display_name":"Transmission delay","level":3,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82753439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419090","display_name":"Industrial production","level":2,"score":0.2623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986797740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16873051","display_name":"Wireless transmission","level":3,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2026.3656298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5711798071861267,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981340510","https://openalex.org/W2095989823","https://openalex.org/W2103172052","https://openalex.org/W2918058626","https://openalex.org/W2997492753","https://openalex.org/W3021587675","https://openalex.org/W3034533409","https://openalex.org/W3039758654","https://openalex.org/W3041917331","https://openalex.org/W3131050187","https://openalex.org/W3131550622","https://openalex.org/W3159296164","https://openalex.org/W3168315599","https://openalex.org/W4221166657","https://openalex.org/W4293203613","https://openalex.org/W4312455442","https://openalex.org/W4312795736","https://openalex.org/W4313129039","https://openalex.org/W4320712861","https://openalex.org/W4377715509","https://openalex.org/W4383316155","https://openalex.org/W4388561588","https://openalex.org/W4388666069","https://openalex.org/W4388819949","https://openalex.org/W4389960977","https://openalex.org/W4391289020","https://openalex.org/W4400188238","https://openalex.org/W4400276377","https://openalex.org/W4400488979","https://openalex.org/W4400524872","https://openalex.org/W4401806258","https://openalex.org/W4401878997","https://openalex.org/W4404307196","https://openalex.org/W4407129061","https://openalex.org/W4408490483","https://openalex.org/W4408519601","https://openalex.org/W4409356441","https://openalex.org/W4409494258","https://openalex.org/W4410086694","https://openalex.org/W4411866825","https://openalex.org/W4415125279"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86],"demand":[1,170],"for":[2,37,155],"automation":[3],"in":[4,108,150],"Industry":[5],"4.0":[6],"is":[7,162],"driving":[8],"the":[9,78,99,132,146],"growth":[10],"of":[11,15,28,88],"wireless":[12],"Industrial":[13],"Internet":[14],"Things":[16],"(IIoT)":[17],"devices.":[18],"In":[19,125,141],"smart":[20],"manufacturing,":[21],"maintaining":[22],"high":[23,26],"reliability":[24,181],"and":[25,41,48,56,72,95,168,182],"throughput":[27],"Wireless":[29],"Local":[30],"Area":[31],"Networks":[32],"(WLANs)":[33],"are":[34],"equally":[35],"important":[36],"ensuring":[38],"production":[39],"safety":[40],"efficiency.":[42],"Terahertz":[43],"(THz)":[44],"communication":[45],"offers":[46],"high-data-rate":[47],"low-latency":[49],"transmission":[50,63,82,154],"but":[51],"faces":[52],"challenges":[53],"from":[54],"coverage":[55],"blockage":[57],"issues.":[58],"Multi-Access":[59],"Point":[60],"(AP)":[61],"joint":[62,153],"allows":[64],"multiple":[65],"APs":[66],"to":[67,83,118,135,137,164],"serve":[68],"same":[69],"users":[70],"simultaneously,":[71],"Intelligent":[73],"Reflecting":[74],"Surface":[75],"(IRS)":[76],"enables":[77],"beyond":[79],"Line-of-Sight":[80],"(LoS)":[81],"bypass":[84],"obstacles.":[85],"integration":[87],"these":[89],"technologies":[90],"greatly":[91],"enhances":[92],"signal":[93],"availability":[94],"system":[96],"capacity.":[97],"However,":[98],"load":[100,147,166],"balancing":[101,148],"problem":[102,149],"still":[103],"remains":[104],"a":[105],"critical":[106],"issue":[107],"IIoT":[109,156],"networks.":[110,157],"Uneven":[111],"traffic":[112,139],"distribution":[113],"can":[114],"cause":[115],"some":[116],"AP":[117],"become":[119],"overloaded":[120],"while":[121],"others":[122],"remain":[123],"underutilized.":[124],"dynamic":[126],"industrial":[127],"scenarios,":[128],"such":[129],"imbalance":[130],"limits":[131],"network":[133,180],"ability":[134],"respond":[136],"changing":[138],"demands.":[140],"this":[142],"paper,":[143],"we":[144],"investigate":[145],"IRS-aided":[151],"THz":[152],"A":[158],"cooperative":[159],"game-theoretic":[160],"method":[161,177],"proposed":[163],"maintain":[165],"balance":[167],"user":[169],"satisfaction.":[171],"Simulation":[172],"results":[173],"show":[174],"that":[175],"our":[176],"improves":[178],"both":[179],"overall":[183],"performance.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}