{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7105600508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396","title":"Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for Resource Efficiency Optimization in Downlink Multi-LEO Communication System With Cross-Layer Interference","display_name":"Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for Resource Efficiency Optimization in Downlink Multi-LEO Communication System With Cross-Layer Interference","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7105600508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qing Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1639-7626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qing Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-6504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jia Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-9014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zixuan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1042-5454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixuan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaomin Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-210X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomin Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pei Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52031612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"4223","last_page":"4236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.448199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.448199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.11890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.08940000087022781,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8263999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7105000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5454999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inefficiency","display_name":"Inefficiency","score":0.477400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.39169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8266000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8263999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7105000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5454999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.477400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.39169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3632396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6444171667098999,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003806850","https://openalex.org/W2149200615","https://openalex.org/W2159824477","https://openalex.org/W2364455206","https://openalex.org/W2921679472","https://openalex.org/W2921838790","https://openalex.org/W2941952695","https://openalex.org/W2996053900","https://openalex.org/W3007804894","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3093835058","https://openalex.org/W3097733642","https://openalex.org/W3112022397","https://openalex.org/W3135109547","https://openalex.org/W3154260508","https://openalex.org/W3160536906","https://openalex.org/W3163052504","https://openalex.org/W3164330607","https://openalex.org/W3185544203","https://openalex.org/W3189051315","https://openalex.org/W3191391595","https://openalex.org/W3192973400","https://openalex.org/W3195015378","https://openalex.org/W4210565458","https://openalex.org/W4211128136","https://openalex.org/W4312695084","https://openalex.org/W4321609062","https://openalex.org/W4382677397","https://openalex.org/W4385285690","https://openalex.org/W4390905884","https://openalex.org/W4391019701","https://openalex.org/W4391164095","https://openalex.org/W4391791566","https://openalex.org/W4391807496","https://openalex.org/W4392173729","https://openalex.org/W4392309268","https://openalex.org/W4394924793","https://openalex.org/W4401567706","https://openalex.org/W4401879382","https://openalex.org/W4402509344","https://openalex.org/W4402509432","https://openalex.org/W4402978156","https://openalex.org/W4404787396","https://openalex.org/W4408324706","https://openalex.org/W4411639900"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,60],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,30,63],"investigate":[4],"a":[5,87,100,107],"resource":[6,49,104],"efficiency":[7,105],"problem":[8],"for":[9],"multi-LEO":[10],"communication":[11],"systems,":[12],"addressing":[13],"the":[14,33,55,72,93,96],"challenges":[15],"posed":[16],"by":[17],"limited":[18],"spectrum":[19],"and":[20,38,41,51,84,106],"energy":[21],"resources,":[22],"as":[23,25],"well":[24],"severe":[26],"cross-layer":[27],"interference.":[28],"Specifically,":[29],"jointly":[31],"optimize":[32],"transmit":[34],"power,":[35],"antenna":[36],"beamwidth,":[37],"both":[39],"elevation":[40],"azimuth":[42],"angles,":[43],"in":[44,79,103,110],"order":[45],"to":[46],"simultaneously":[47],"minimize":[48],"inefficiency":[50],"average":[52],"interference":[53,111],"of":[54,95],"downlink":[56],"transmissions.":[57],"To":[58],"solve":[59],"optimization":[61],"problem,":[62],"propose":[64],"an":[65],"evolutionary":[66],"reinforcement":[67,81],"learning":[68,82],"(ERL)":[69],"framework,":[70],"where":[71],"networks":[73],"are":[74],"updated":[75],"using":[76],"gradient":[77],"descent":[78],"deep":[80],"(DRL),":[83],"enhanced":[85],"via":[86],"genetic":[88],"algorithm.":[89],"Statistical":[90],"results":[91],"demonstrate":[92],"effectiveness":[94],"proposed":[97],"method,":[98],"with":[99],"30.9%":[101],"increase":[102],"39.2%":[108],"decrease":[109],"level.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-11-13T00:00:00"}
