{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415124058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390","title":"Integrated Sensing and Covert Communication Systems in Near-Field Transmission","display_name":"Integrated Sensing and Covert Communication Systems in Near-Field Transmission","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415124058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086926899","display_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6562-8243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6562-8243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Boyang You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3951-8803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyang You","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3951-8803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014118483","display_name":"Zheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-4935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-4935","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050556544","display_name":"Junsheng Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junsheng Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8314","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100616276","display_name":"Shouyi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-5280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouyi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-5280","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041320525","display_name":"Peijia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7283-6243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peijia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7283-6243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697614","display_name":"Inkyu Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-4433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inkyu Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-4433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80306415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"3422","last_page":"3435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-probability-of-intercept-radar","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-filter","display_name":"Matched filter","score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.32499998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.501800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147345108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693040","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","level":5,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3620390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1032838911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-0-00467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1494047086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024T170824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2419762645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"232300421097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G257893803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SKLNST-2025-1-07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327101","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4194727248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6330862013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6379705399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571495","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8215910061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321470","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327101","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1897081267","https://openalex.org/W1970830346","https://openalex.org/W2060500262","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2585414502","https://openalex.org/W2809857136","https://openalex.org/W2910760278","https://openalex.org/W3072033075","https://openalex.org/W3135239326","https://openalex.org/W3168211341","https://openalex.org/W3185268715","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3206417983","https://openalex.org/W3206485563","https://openalex.org/W4205940831","https://openalex.org/W4213191624","https://openalex.org/W4285195589","https://openalex.org/W4292262948","https://openalex.org/W4323644342","https://openalex.org/W4378194759","https://openalex.org/W4383754029","https://openalex.org/W4386902789","https://openalex.org/W4388739159","https://openalex.org/W4389961093","https://openalex.org/W4390887433","https://openalex.org/W4391992316","https://openalex.org/W4392251942","https://openalex.org/W4392940040","https://openalex.org/W4399039884","https://openalex.org/W4400188377","https://openalex.org/W4400975168","https://openalex.org/W4401507775","https://openalex.org/W4402592596"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,78],"near-field":[4,129],"integrated":[5],"sensing":[6],"and":[7,26,29,39,50,99],"covert":[8,45],"communication":[9,98,108],"(ISCC)":[10],"system,":[11],"where":[12],"Alice":[13],"transmits":[14],"covertly":[15],"to":[16,43,56],"Bob":[17,110],"against":[18],"Willie\u2019s":[19],"detection.":[20],"We":[21],"jointly":[22],"optimize":[23],"hybrid":[24],"digital":[25],"analog":[27],"beamforming":[28],"radar":[30],"waveforms":[31],"via":[32],"the":[33,52,58,74,93,113,121,124],"weighted":[34],"minimum":[35],"mean":[36],"square":[37],"error":[38],"manifold":[40],"optimization":[41],"algorithm":[42],"maximize":[44],"rate":[46],"while":[47,83],"ensuring":[48],"security,":[49],"use":[51],"extended":[53],"Kalman":[54],"filter":[55],"track":[57],"adversarial":[59],"target":[60,101],"in":[61,112,128],"real-time":[62],"for":[63],"adaptive":[64],"parameter":[65],"adjustment.":[66],"By":[67],"addressing":[68],"covertness":[69],"constraints":[70],"including":[71],"leakage":[72],"power,":[73],"proposed":[75,94,125],"system":[76,86,127],"ensures":[77],"low":[79],"probability":[80],"of":[81,115,123],"detection":[82,116],"enabling":[84],"superior":[85],"performance.":[87],"The":[88,118],"simulation":[89],"results":[90,119],"demonstrate":[91],"that":[92],"method":[95],"provides":[96],"secure":[97],"reliable":[100],"tracking":[102],"under":[103],"various":[104],"conditions,":[105],"achieving":[106],"effective":[107],"with":[109],"even":[111],"presence":[114],"threats.":[117],"validate":[120],"effectiveness":[122],"ISCC":[126],"scenario.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T07:54:00.901334","created_date":"2025-10-14T00:00:00"}