{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409153964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016","title":"STAR-RIS Enabled ISAC Systems With RSMA: Joint Rate Splitting and Beamforming Optimization","display_name":"STAR-RIS Enabled ISAC Systems With RSMA: Joint Rate Splitting and Beamforming Optimization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409153964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/228991/1/TCCN-double-column.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5365-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Space Computing System, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5365-3425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Space Computing System, Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049587970","display_name":"Ruichen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-3645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruichen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-3645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ruihong Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8523-6448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruihong Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8523-6448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015939251","display_name":"Yongdong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-7926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128626","display_name":"Cambridge Mechatronics (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kc5dr38","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128626"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongdong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Mechatronics Ltd., Cambridge, U.K","Cambridge Mechatronics Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Mechatronics Ltd., Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Mechatronics Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100688582","display_name":"Huimin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1023-8237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huimin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering and the School of Artificial Intelligence, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1023-8237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering and the School of Artificial Intelligence, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069951778","display_name":"Qiang Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-1656","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005456828","display_name":"Zesong Fei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7576-625X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zesong Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7576-625X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9397,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97858584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"312","last_page":"326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9621999859809875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7855364680290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7802595496177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6282423734664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.212542325258255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7855364680290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7802595496177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6282423734664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.212542325258255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3558016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:228991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/228991/1/TCCN-double-column.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:228991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/228991/1/TCCN-double-column.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1578907989","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I2301E0026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G290565406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-NTU-RG-2022-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3010259392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIE2025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3114703182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RG24/24","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3296873904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-ASTAR-TG-2022-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3712977076","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024JC-YBQN-0646","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4598649389","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RG87/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4727645153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-NTU-RG-2022-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5949233296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIE2025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6117017817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-ASTAR-TG-2022-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325256","funder_display_name":"Info-communications Media Development Authority"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6135418205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-NTU-RG-2022-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325256","funder_display_name":"Info-communications Media Development Authority"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G690289285","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8501448270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FCP-ASTAR-TG-2022-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324173","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325256","display_name":"Info-communications Media Development Authority","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409153964.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409153964.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006428380","https://openalex.org/W2042599231","https://openalex.org/W2766922107","https://openalex.org/W2945328213","https://openalex.org/W3045711856","https://openalex.org/W3153542357","https://openalex.org/W3163858617","https://openalex.org/W3198071899","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W4223477331","https://openalex.org/W4225759418","https://openalex.org/W4287070079","https://openalex.org/W4312972593","https://openalex.org/W4313072619","https://openalex.org/W4313477275","https://openalex.org/W4317796282","https://openalex.org/W4318586180","https://openalex.org/W4318586185","https://openalex.org/W4320018439","https://openalex.org/W4322706724","https://openalex.org/W4361801433","https://openalex.org/W4376478385","https://openalex.org/W4381785965","https://openalex.org/W4383220172","https://openalex.org/W4383960513","https://openalex.org/W4386242028","https://openalex.org/W4387717696","https://openalex.org/W4387869716","https://openalex.org/W4390692033","https://openalex.org/W4391365548","https://openalex.org/W4391934430","https://openalex.org/W4392158873","https://openalex.org/W4392664814","https://openalex.org/W4392826892","https://openalex.org/W4396941482","https://openalex.org/W4398788581","https://openalex.org/W4399450462","https://openalex.org/W4402350838","https://openalex.org/W4402473949","https://openalex.org/W4402915682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W4391913857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"delves":[2],"into":[3,72],"an":[4,130],"integrated":[5],"sensing":[6,82,89,117],"and":[7,16,33,44,59,105,146,168,193,200],"communication":[8,32,61,122],"(ISAC)":[9],"system":[10,185],"bolstered":[11],"by":[12,138,165],"a":[13,25,51,86,93],"simultaneously":[14],"transmitting":[15],"reflecting":[17],"reconfigurable":[18],"intelligent":[19],"surface":[20],"(STAR-RIS).":[21],"Within":[22],"this":[23],"system,":[24],"base":[26],"station":[27],"(BS)":[28],"is":[29,70,85,114],"equipped":[30],"with":[31,40,186],"radar":[34],"capabilities,":[35],"enabling":[36],"it":[37],"to":[38,56,115,133],"communicate":[39],"ground":[41],"terminals":[42],"(GTs)":[43],"concurrently":[45],"probe":[46],"for":[47,125],"echo":[48,83],"signals":[49,84],"from":[50],"target":[52],"of":[53,79,88,97,109,159,182,197],"interest.":[54],"Moreover,":[55],"manage":[57],"interference":[58],"improve":[60],"quality,":[62],"the":[63,73,80,103,110,121,135,157,160,166,178,183,187,194],"rate":[64,123],"splitting":[65],"multiple":[66],"access":[67],"(RSMA)":[68],"scheme":[69],"incorporated":[71],"system.":[74],"The":[75,112,174],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[76],"ratio":[77],"(SINR)":[78],"received":[81],"measure":[87],"performance.":[90],"We":[91,128],"formulate":[92],"joint":[94],"optimization":[95,196],"problem":[96,137],"common":[98],"rates,":[99],"transmit":[100],"beamforming":[101,107,202],"at":[102,203],"BS,":[104],"passive":[106],"vectors":[108],"STAR-RIS.":[111,204],"objective":[113],"maximize":[116],"SINR":[118],"while":[119],"guaranteeing":[120],"requirements":[124],"each":[126],"GT.":[127],"present":[129],"iterative":[131],"algorithm":[132],"address":[134],"non-convex":[136],"invoking":[139],"Dinkelbach\u2019s":[140],"transform,":[141],"semidefinite":[142],"relaxation":[143,150],"(SDR),":[144],"majorization-minimization,":[145],"sequential":[147],"rank-one":[148],"constraint":[149],"(SROCR)":[151],"theories.":[152],"Simulation":[153],"results":[154,175],"manifest":[155],"that":[156],"performance":[158,180],"studied":[161],"ISAC":[162,184],"network":[163],"enhanced":[164],"STAR-RIS":[167],"RSMA":[169],"surpasses":[170],"other":[171],"benchmarks":[172],"considerably.":[173],"evidently":[176],"indicate":[177],"superior":[179],"improvement":[181],"proposed":[188],"RSMA-based":[189],"transmission":[190,199],"strategy":[191],"design":[192],"dynamic":[195],"both":[198],"reflection":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}