{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407128746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020","title":"Asynchronous Decentralized Federated Anomaly Detection for 6G Networks","display_name":"Asynchronous Decentralized Federated Anomaly Detection for 6G Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407128746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459740","display_name":"Ya Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-7654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ya Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-7654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420873","display_name":"Kai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-198X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-198X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100459740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6125,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88679344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"3384","last_page":"3396"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8325481414794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.699328601360321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5686670541763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4761112630367279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4517889618873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.14866361021995544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8325481414794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.699328601360321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5686670541763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4761112630367279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4517889618873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.14866361021995544}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2025.3538020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4377131734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12371519","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5975532895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955055330","https://openalex.org/W1966809779","https://openalex.org/W1995955149","https://openalex.org/W2052516677","https://openalex.org/W2172198163","https://openalex.org/W2284900416","https://openalex.org/W2808771744","https://openalex.org/W2885618505","https://openalex.org/W2911286998","https://openalex.org/W2944250323","https://openalex.org/W2950697450","https://openalex.org/W2972882814","https://openalex.org/W3013888436","https://openalex.org/W3022604549","https://openalex.org/W3034810578","https://openalex.org/W3096448935","https://openalex.org/W3096857588","https://openalex.org/W3133369889","https://openalex.org/W3135684856","https://openalex.org/W3162956350","https://openalex.org/W3172710079","https://openalex.org/W3182440129","https://openalex.org/W3185634836","https://openalex.org/W3196498627","https://openalex.org/W3206604724","https://openalex.org/W3211855020","https://openalex.org/W3215230729","https://openalex.org/W4213308398","https://openalex.org/W4214599792","https://openalex.org/W4214601425","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4284959321","https://openalex.org/W4293732132","https://openalex.org/W4313481921","https://openalex.org/W4320341434","https://openalex.org/W4320712861","https://openalex.org/W4382458206","https://openalex.org/W4384834994","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385429522","https://openalex.org/W4386766438","https://openalex.org/W4387276309","https://openalex.org/W4390906031","https://openalex.org/W4394625939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2116677773","https://openalex.org/W2155261584","https://openalex.org/W2584231425","https://openalex.org/W2150611273","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W4207086172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,132],"long-term":[1],"vision":[2],"for":[3,109,122],"6G":[4,32,39,78,110],"security":[5,13,34],"is":[6,23,173],"to":[7,73,116,137,141],"implement":[8],"AI-assisted":[9],"frameworks":[10],"that":[11,167],"achieve":[12],"automation":[14],"without":[15],"disrupting":[16],"normal":[17],"usage.":[18],"Deep":[19],"learning-based":[20],"anomaly":[21,63,104],"detection":[22,64,105,127],"one":[24],"of":[25,77,83,153,171,186],"the":[26,30,37,43,54,74,80,142,148,168,184],"essential":[27],"components":[28],"in":[29,191],"envisioned":[31],"network":[33],"paradigm.":[35],"However,":[36],"future":[38],"architectures,":[40],"such":[41,57],"as":[42],"space-air-ground-sea":[44],"integrated":[45],"networks":[46],"(SAGSINs),":[47],"suffer":[48],"from":[49],"limited":[50],"bandwidth":[51],"resources":[52],"beyond":[53],"ground.":[55],"In":[56],"scenarios,":[58],"traditional":[59],"centralized":[60],"or":[61],"centralized-distributed":[62],"algorithms":[65,87],"may":[66,88],"encounter":[67],"high":[68,75],"communication":[69,121],"latency.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"due":[72],"heterogeneity":[76],"networks,":[79,111],"training":[81],"speed":[82],"conventional":[84],"synchronous":[85],"distributed":[86],"be":[89],"seriously":[90],"affected":[91],"by":[92],"slow":[93],"devices.":[94],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"proposes":[97],"an":[98],"end-to-end":[99],"asynchronous":[100],"decentralized":[101],"federated":[102],"unsupervised":[103],"approach":[106],"named":[107],"DEFEND":[108,134,172,187],"which":[112],"enables":[113],"multiple":[114],"devices":[115],"collaborate":[117],"asynchronously":[118],"through":[119,188],"peer-to-peer":[120],"proactive":[123],"and":[124,182],"automatic":[125],"threat":[126],"while":[128],"preserving":[129],"data":[130,144],"privacy.":[131],"proposed":[133],"employs":[135],"meta-learning":[136],"facilitate":[138],"better":[139],"adaptation":[140],"evolving":[143],"distribution.":[145],"To":[146],"address":[147],"complex":[149],"nested":[150],"optimization":[151],"problem":[152],"meta-learning,":[154],"we":[155],"utilize":[156],"a":[157],"computationally":[158],"efficient":[159],"cutting":[160],"plane":[161],"approximation":[162],"method.":[163],"We":[164],"theoretically":[165],"prove":[166],"convergence":[169],"rate":[170],"<inline-formula":[174],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[175],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[176],"<tex-math":[177],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathcal":[178],"{O}(\\epsilon":[179],"^{-1})$":[180],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[181],"demonstrate":[183],"effectiveness":[185],"comprehensive":[189],"experiments":[190],"public":[192],"datasets.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
