{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308619976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766","title":"Hybrid HMM Decoder for Convolutional Codes by Joint Trellis-Like Structure and Channel Prior","display_name":"Hybrid HMM Decoder for Convolutional Codes by Joint Trellis-Like Structure and Channel Prior","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308619976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358577","display_name":"Haoyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-1313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-1313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089200615","display_name":"Xuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-0388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-0388","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100392651","display_name":"Tong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5300-8060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065103224","display_name":"Dingyi Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-6922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingyi Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061735109","display_name":"Baoying Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-1078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoying Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1467-1078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2672,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56014146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"58","last_page":"69"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8029329180717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-code","display_name":"Convolutional code","score":0.798846960067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","score":0.686637282371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6178193688392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viterbi-decoder","display_name":"Viterbi decoder","score":0.540027379989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.529433012008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4785209894180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space\u2013time-trellis-code","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","score":0.44052284955978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.44014236330986023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4389660358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39574405550956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.3149881362915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24838298559188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.20614966750144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06305661797523499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8029329180717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157899210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395022","display_name":"Convolutional code","level":3,"score":0.798846960067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838009","display_name":"Trellis (graph)","level":3,"score":0.686637282371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6178193688392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117379686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6996459","display_name":"Viterbi decoder","level":3,"score":0.540027379989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.529433012008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4785209894180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5546382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572755","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","level":5,"score":0.44052284955978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.44014236330986023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4389660358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39574405550956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.3149881362915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24838298559188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.20614966750144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06305661797523499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3220766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G728415834","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1641171003","https://openalex.org/W1980335146","https://openalex.org/W1991133427","https://openalex.org/W1999032348","https://openalex.org/W2038549153","https://openalex.org/W2119411189","https://openalex.org/W2127893101","https://openalex.org/W2129906166","https://openalex.org/W2142384583","https://openalex.org/W2158820208","https://openalex.org/W2392395307","https://openalex.org/W2566781703","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2666368276","https://openalex.org/W2729166723","https://openalex.org/W2736402963","https://openalex.org/W2745249611","https://openalex.org/W2747839861","https://openalex.org/W2775383661","https://openalex.org/W2785851301","https://openalex.org/W2786027963","https://openalex.org/W2787495030","https://openalex.org/W2789477730","https://openalex.org/W2900967017","https://openalex.org/W2904408089","https://openalex.org/W2909712920","https://openalex.org/W2920136788","https://openalex.org/W2931920148","https://openalex.org/W2963408536","https://openalex.org/W2963852693","https://openalex.org/W2967920509","https://openalex.org/W2970898848","https://openalex.org/W2972440193","https://openalex.org/W2986517689","https://openalex.org/W3003174479","https://openalex.org/W3008468562","https://openalex.org/W3012416357","https://openalex.org/W3013496609","https://openalex.org/W3016756065","https://openalex.org/W3024284722","https://openalex.org/W3031414520","https://openalex.org/W3048213849","https://openalex.org/W3084077437","https://openalex.org/W3094422864","https://openalex.org/W3102591923","https://openalex.org/W3133033995","https://openalex.org/W4247702180","https://openalex.org/W6747916894","https://openalex.org/W6758685805","https://openalex.org/W6767478059","https://openalex.org/W6785901862"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3112504045","https://openalex.org/W2141514624","https://openalex.org/W3008715415","https://openalex.org/W2101868111","https://openalex.org/W2164296051","https://openalex.org/W2154949486","https://openalex.org/W2471228366","https://openalex.org/W2050807314","https://openalex.org/W1754718585","https://openalex.org/W2144053155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,148],"anti-interference":[1],"capability":[2],"of":[3,32,53,62,78,111,135],"wireless":[4],"links":[5],"is":[6,36,80],"a":[7,54,132],"physical":[8],"layer":[9],"problem":[10],"for":[11,59,156],"edge":[12],"computing.":[13],"Although":[14],"convolutional":[15,34,63],"codes":[16,64],"have":[17],"inherent":[18],"error":[19,91],"correction":[20,92],"potential":[21,93],"due":[22,39],"to":[23,40,72,115,167],"the":[24,28,30,33,44,51,60,68,76,95,99,109,112,123,126,157,162],"redundancy":[25],"introduced":[26],"in":[27],"data,":[29],"performance":[31,110,133,154],"code":[35],"drastically":[37],"degraded":[38],"multipath":[41,124],"effects":[42],"on":[43],"channel.":[45],"In":[46,122],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"we":[49],"propose":[50],"use":[52],"Hidden":[55],"Markov":[56],"Model":[57],"(HMM)":[58],"reconstruction":[61],"and":[65,138,144],"decoding":[66,118],"by":[67,82,119],"Viterbi":[69,117],"algorithm.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"implement":[73],"soft-decision":[74,145],"decoding,":[75,146],"observation":[77],"HMM":[79,128,149],"replaced":[81],"Gaussian":[83],"mixture":[84],"models":[85],"(GMM).":[86],"Our":[87],"method":[88,97,113,163],"provides":[89],"superior":[90],"than":[94],"standard":[96,116],"because":[98],"model":[100],"parameters":[101],"contain":[102],"channel":[103],"state":[104],"information":[105],"(CSI).":[106],"We":[107],"evaluated":[108],"compared":[114],"numerical":[120],"simulation.":[121],"channel,":[125],"hybrid":[127],"decoder":[129,150],"can":[130,171],"achieve":[131],"gain":[134],"4.7":[136],"dB":[137,140],"2":[139],"when":[141],"using":[142],"hard-decision":[143],"respectively.":[147],"also":[151],"achieves":[152],"significant":[153],"gains":[155],"RSC":[158],"code,":[159],"suggesting":[160],"that":[161],"could":[164],"be":[165,172],"extended":[166],"turbo":[168],"codes.":[169],"Code":[170],"available":[173],"at":[174],"<uri":[175],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[176],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/HaoyyLi/HMM-decoder</uri>":[177],".":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}