{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220910551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937","title":"An Emergent Self-Awareness Module for Physical Layer Security in Cognitive UAV Radios","display_name":"An Emergent Self-Awareness Module for Physical Layer Security in Cognitive UAV Radios","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220910551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78994/2/Nallanathan%20An%20Emergent%20Self-Awareness%202022%20Accepted.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070163414","display_name":"Ali Krayani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-2805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Krayani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030715644","display_name":"Atm S. Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8299-754X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atm S. Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019722167","display_name":"Lucio Marcenaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-120X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099310","display_name":"Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni","ror":"https://ror.org/0182a5n39","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucio Marcenaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","Italian National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunications (CNIT), Parma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunications (CNIT), Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002265731","display_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-5884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055281228","display_name":"Carlo S. Regazzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-1417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099310","display_name":"Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni","ror":"https://ror.org/0182a5n39","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Regazzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","Italian National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunications (CNIT), Parma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian National Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunications (CNIT), Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070163414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6568,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83052347,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"888","last_page":"906"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7639116048812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.7273558974266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.6284263134002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.47969648241996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3806062936782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3237800598144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3172066807746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27091366052627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10575124621391296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7639116048812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.7273558974266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.6284263134002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.47969648241996765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3806062936782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3237800598144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3172066807746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27091366052627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10575124621391296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2022.3161937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/78994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/78994","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78994/2/Nallanathan%20An%20Emergent%20Self-Awareness%202022%20Accepted.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/1077213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1077213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/78994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/78994","pdf_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78994/2/Nallanathan%20An%20Emergent%20Self-Awareness%202022%20Accepted.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220910551.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220910551.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603636824","https://openalex.org/W1878059963","https://openalex.org/W1969288392","https://openalex.org/W2001004939","https://openalex.org/W2065894019","https://openalex.org/W2074685362","https://openalex.org/W2096962395","https://openalex.org/W2097587881","https://openalex.org/W2106027325","https://openalex.org/W2109957730","https://openalex.org/W2110575115","https://openalex.org/W2122549035","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2153090463","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2169415915","https://openalex.org/W2321724625","https://openalex.org/W2490891521","https://openalex.org/W2556628207","https://openalex.org/W2741230443","https://openalex.org/W2784068058","https://openalex.org/W2789779539","https://openalex.org/W2796408617","https://openalex.org/W2890272365","https://openalex.org/W2891442281","https://openalex.org/W2903891684","https://openalex.org/W2905671176","https://openalex.org/W2937347211","https://openalex.org/W2962354631","https://openalex.org/W2963117265","https://openalex.org/W2963798233","https://openalex.org/W2973943234","https://openalex.org/W2982286025","https://openalex.org/W3004080144","https://openalex.org/W3004319122","https://openalex.org/W3005008925","https://openalex.org/W3006186780","https://openalex.org/W3007015598","https://openalex.org/W3007058358","https://openalex.org/W3009383141","https://openalex.org/W3023100680","https://openalex.org/W3088771691","https://openalex.org/W3104028856","https://openalex.org/W6676404962","https://openalex.org/W6681158678","https://openalex.org/W6682468974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2559261346","https://openalex.org/W4280609833","https://openalex.org/W2136943174","https://openalex.org/W1973979964","https://openalex.org/W4235820682","https://openalex.org/W185479762","https://openalex.org/W1968709058","https://openalex.org/W2095246866","https://openalex.org/W2107126738","https://openalex.org/W4246064491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"to":[5,24,73,104,128],"introduce":[6],"an":[7],"emergent":[8],"Self-Awareness":[9],"(SA)":[10],"module":[11],"at":[12,107],"the":[13,41,58,65,71,91,125,136,143,146,151,156,164],"physical":[14],"layer":[15],"(PHY)":[16],"in":[17],"Cognitive":[18],"Unmanned":[19],"Aerial":[20],"Vehicle":[21],"(UAV)":[22],"Radios":[23],"improve":[25],"PHY":[26],"security,":[27],"especially":[28],"against":[29],"jamming":[30,79],"attacks.":[31,80],"SA":[32,148],"is":[33,55],"based":[34],"on":[35,135],"learning":[36],"a":[37,47,84,117],"hierarchical":[38],"representation":[39],"of":[40,46,145,159],"radio":[42,66,72],"environment":[43],"by":[44,78,131],"means":[45],"proposed":[48,152],"Hierarchical":[49],"Dynamic":[50],"Bayesian":[51],"Network":[52],"(HDBN).":[53],"It":[54],"shown":[56],"how":[57],"acquired":[59],"knowledge":[60],"from":[61,96],"previous":[62],"experiences":[63],"facilitate":[64],"spectrum":[67],"perception":[68],"and":[69,110,162],"allow":[70],"detect":[74],"abnormal":[75,100],"behaviours":[76],"caused":[77],"Detecting":[81],"abnormalities":[82],"realize":[83],"fundamental":[85],"step":[86],"towards":[87],"growing":[88],"up":[89],"incrementally":[90],"radio\u2019s":[92],"long-term":[93],"memory.":[94],"Deviations":[95],"predictions":[97],"estimated":[98],"during":[99],"situations":[101],"are":[102],"used":[103],"characterize":[105],"jammers":[106],"multiple":[108],"levels":[109],"discover":[111],"their":[112],"dynamic":[113],"behavioural":[114],"rules.":[115],"Besides,":[116],"proactive":[118],"consequence":[119],"can":[120],"be":[121],"drawn":[122],"after":[123],"estimating":[124],"jammer\u2019s":[126,165],"signal":[127],"act":[129],"efficiently":[130],"mitigating":[132],"its":[133],"effects":[134],"received":[137],"stimuli.":[138],"Simulation":[139],"results":[140],"show":[141],"that":[142],"introduction":[144],"novel":[147],"functionalities":[149],"with":[150],"HDBN":[153],"framework":[154],"provides":[155],"high":[157],"accuracy":[158],"characterizing,":[160],"detecting":[161],"predicting":[163],"activities.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}