{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171582963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","title":"Cooperative Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Management in Full Flexible VHTS Systems","display_name":"Cooperative Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Management in Full Flexible VHTS Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171582963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","mag":"3171582963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6687307/9729919/09448341.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6687307/9729919/09448341.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059737172","display_name":"Flor Ort\u00edz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-4689"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flor G. Ortiz-Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-4689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059742626","display_name":"Daniele Tarchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-1957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Tarchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-1957","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026885563","display_name":"Ram\u00f3n Mart\u00ednez Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Osorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1409-7715"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram\u00f3n Mart\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003927271","display_name":"Alessandro Vanelli\u2010Coralli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-5718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Vanelli-Coralli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-5718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083558316","display_name":"Miguel A. Salas\u2010Natera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-1659"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel A. Salas-Natera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-1659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Polit&#x00E9;cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067759795","display_name":"Salvador Landeros Ayala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0443-0166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119763","display_name":"Universidad Mexicana","ror":"https://ror.org/02p06pt44","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119763"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvador Landeros-Ayala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agencia Espacial Mexicana, Mexico City, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agencia Espacial Mexicana, Mexico City, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119763"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.6224,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99153596,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"335","last_page":"349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8533631563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.8389195203781128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8241702318191528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5079801678657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4904179275035858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4650470018386841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.45831578969955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4374644160270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.4124661386013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3313218951225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17483243346214294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07753211259841919}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8533631563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.8389195203781128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8241702318191528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5079801678657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4904179275035858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4650470018386841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.45831578969955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4374644160270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.4124661386013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3313218951225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17483243346214294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07753211259841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6687307/9729919/09448341.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/821718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/821718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1381024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1381024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/50881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/50881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 8 (1) (2022-03)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3087586","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6687307/9729919/09448341.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G864758029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TEC2017-85529-C3-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326262","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Asuntos Econ\u00f3micos y Transformaci\u00f3n Digital, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322138","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326262","display_name":"Ministerio de Asuntos Econ\u00f3micos y Transformaci\u00f3n Digital, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/03sv46s19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171582963.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3171582963.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564534945","https://openalex.org/W2159441642","https://openalex.org/W2255974528","https://openalex.org/W2742899112","https://openalex.org/W2752507962","https://openalex.org/W2793398825","https://openalex.org/W2799547155","https://openalex.org/W2884074968","https://openalex.org/W2888896501","https://openalex.org/W2889157317","https://openalex.org/W2892656107","https://openalex.org/W2901575247","https://openalex.org/W2903874104","https://openalex.org/W2920582597","https://openalex.org/W2941546353","https://openalex.org/W2945427499","https://openalex.org/W2949695928","https://openalex.org/W2981334798","https://openalex.org/W2982253742","https://openalex.org/W3003394437","https://openalex.org/W3004283945","https://openalex.org/W3008549083","https://openalex.org/W3081017281","https://openalex.org/W3081405700","https://openalex.org/W3086452254","https://openalex.org/W3093835058","https://openalex.org/W3108407942","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4249122855","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W4306179383","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6788438669","https://openalex.org/W7062825384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535080110","https://openalex.org/W306312984","https://openalex.org/W857189463","https://openalex.org/W4288094128","https://openalex.org/W2979675132","https://openalex.org/W2790520092","https://openalex.org/W4306309337","https://openalex.org/W2312786236","https://openalex.org/W20648474","https://openalex.org/W2109516765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Very":[0],"high":[1],"throughput":[2],"satellite":[3],"(VHTS)":[4],"systems":[5],"are":[6,121,133],"expected":[7],"to":[8,33,64,73,84,108],"have":[9],"a":[10,152,160],"huge":[11],"increase":[12,22],"in":[13,16,41,88,113],"traffic":[14,42,67],"demand":[15,43,68],"the":[17,28,34,45,58,66,93,110,144,150],"near":[18],"future.":[19],"Nevertheless,":[20],"this":[21,89,147],"will":[23],"not":[24],"be":[25],"uniform":[26],"over":[27,159],"entire":[29],"service":[30],"area":[31],"due":[32],"non-uniform":[35],"distribution":[36,157],"of":[37,60,69,95],"users":[38],"and":[39,101,127,140],"changes":[40],"during":[44],"day.":[46],"This":[47],"problem":[48],"is":[49],"addressed":[50],"by":[51],"using":[52],"flexible":[53,114],"payload":[54,61,115],"architectures,":[55],"which":[56,132],"allow":[57],"allocation":[59],"resources":[62,111],"flexibly":[63],"meet":[65],"each":[70],"beam,":[71],"leading":[72],"dynamic":[74],"resource":[75],"management":[76],"(DRM)":[77],"approaches.":[78],"However,":[79],"DRM":[80],"adds":[81],"significant":[82],"complexity":[83,139],"VHTS":[85],"systems,":[86],"so":[87],"paper":[90],"we":[91],"discuss":[92],"use":[94],"one":[96],"reinforcement":[97,104],"learning":[98,105],"(RL)":[99],"algorithm":[100],"two":[102],"deep":[103],"(DRL)":[106],"algorithms":[107,120],"manage":[109],"available":[112],"architectures":[116],"for":[117],"DRM.":[118],"These":[119],"Q-Learning":[122,125,130],"(QL),":[123],"Deep":[124,129],"(DQL)":[126],"Double":[128],"(DDQL)":[131],"compared":[134],"based":[135],"on":[136],"their":[137],"performance,":[138],"added":[141],"latency.":[142],"On":[143],"other":[145],"hand,":[146],"work":[148],"demonstrates":[149],"superiority":[151],"cooperative":[153],"multiagent":[154],"(CMA)":[155],"decentralized":[156],"has":[158],"single":[161],"agent":[162],"(SA).":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
