{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132180877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","title":"Joint Transmit Beamforming and Phase Shift Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted MIMO Systems","display_name":"Joint Transmit Beamforming and Phase Shift Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted MIMO Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132180877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","mag":"3132180877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033299709","display_name":"Jinghe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-3437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinghe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101837435","display_name":"Hanqing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9264-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanqing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100688274","display_name":"Yu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3791-6050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013079905","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375264","display_name":"Xiao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-9053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033299709"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0412,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98544167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"354","last_page":"368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.8827461004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7865196466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.716377317905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6926724314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.5415307879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5380778908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5123170614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4873112142086029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.45368871092796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4333406388759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodic-theory","display_name":"Ergodic theory","score":0.4323852062225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.40720126032829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3698917031288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.36437901854515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3355964422225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3165270686149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.30631059408187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21797508001327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14449024200439453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.8827461004257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7865196466445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.716377317905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6926724314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.5415307879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5380778908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5123170614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4873112142086029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.45368871092796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4333406388759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122044880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5498822","display_name":"Ergodic theory","level":2,"score":0.4323852062225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.40720126032829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3698917031288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36437901854515076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3355964422225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3165270686149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.30631059408187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21797508001327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14449024200439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2021.3058665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484188435","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","issn_l":"2332-7731","issn":["2332-7731","2372-2045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1500623155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61941104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6555637624","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61625106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506731252","https://openalex.org/W1985290376","https://openalex.org/W2048305092","https://openalex.org/W2082432933","https://openalex.org/W2089935714","https://openalex.org/W2116485279","https://openalex.org/W2135122024","https://openalex.org/W2600647254","https://openalex.org/W2605344455","https://openalex.org/W2735938380","https://openalex.org/W2740268063","https://openalex.org/W2808128011","https://openalex.org/W2884677464","https://openalex.org/W2891354184","https://openalex.org/W2901268226","https://openalex.org/W2916238596","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950302183","https://openalex.org/W2953984813","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W2963961614","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3000577820","https://openalex.org/W3007159123","https://openalex.org/W3011195344","https://openalex.org/W3023940643","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3035386068","https://openalex.org/W3035697429","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3048081097","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3099679786","https://openalex.org/W3101888099","https://openalex.org/W3102122595","https://openalex.org/W3104300639","https://openalex.org/W3104964198","https://openalex.org/W3134746776","https://openalex.org/W3148198191","https://openalex.org/W6774592065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130460934","https://openalex.org/W1576013675","https://openalex.org/W1607978590","https://openalex.org/W2980109842","https://openalex.org/W1976249538","https://openalex.org/W3052336460","https://openalex.org/W2172055400","https://openalex.org/W3102122595","https://openalex.org/W2783554303","https://openalex.org/W2154316601"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"becomes":[4],"an":[5,101],"increasingly":[6],"important":[7],"technology":[8],"in":[9,49,51,155,226],"sixth-generation":[10],"(6G).":[11],"The":[12],"key":[13],"aspect":[14],"of":[15,47,63,69,134,158,202,232,240,253,260,274],"RIS":[16,92,242],"is":[17,207],"smartly":[18],"configuring":[19],"the":[20,30,34,37,60,67,82,86,89,112,120,123,129,146,184,192,196,203,217,230,233,237,241,251,254,258,266,272],"wireless":[21],"propagation":[22],"environment":[23],"and":[24,36,54,91,122,160,165,198,235,257],"providing":[25],"supplementary":[26],"links":[27],"to":[28,58,81,127,189,223,228,243],"enhance":[29],"signal":[31],"transmission":[32,221],"between":[33],"BS":[35],"UE.":[38],"In":[39,95],"recent":[40],"years,":[41],"there":[42],"has":[43,78],"been":[44,79],"a":[45,141,179],"surge":[46],"interest":[48],"RISs":[50],"joint":[52],"active":[53],"passive":[55],"beamforming":[56,193,225],"design":[57],"improve":[59],"system":[61,106],"performance":[62],"RIS-assisted":[64,102],"systems":[65],"with":[66,111],"assumption":[68],"uncorrelated":[70],"environments.":[71],"To":[72],"date,":[73],"far":[74],"too":[75],"little":[76],"attention":[77],"paid":[80],"situations":[83],"that":[84],"consider":[85,236],"correlations":[87],"among":[88],"antennas":[90],"reflecting":[93],"elements.":[94],"this":[96,135],"article,":[97],"we":[98,139,177,215],"focus":[99],"on":[100,145,183,277],"multiple-input":[103],"multiple-output":[104],"(MIMO)":[105],"under":[107],"spatial":[108],"fading":[109],"correlations,":[110],"statistical":[113],"channel":[114],"state":[115],"information":[116],"(CSI)":[117],"known":[118],"at":[119,195,212],"transmitter":[121,197],"RIS.":[124,204],"We":[125],"aim":[126],"maximize":[128],"ergodic":[130,147,267],"spectral":[131],"efficiency":[132],"(SE)":[133],"system.":[136],"At":[137],"first,":[138],"derive":[140],"tight":[142],"upper":[143,150,255],"bound":[144],"SE.":[148],"Concise":[149],"bounds":[151,256],"are":[152],"also":[153],"shown":[154],"special":[156],"cases":[157],"independent":[159],"identically":[161],"distributed":[162],"(i.i.d.)":[163],"Rician":[164,173],"Rayleigh,":[166],"correlated":[167],"Rayleigh":[168],"as":[169,171,269,271],"well":[170,270],"extreme":[172],"MIMO":[174],"channels.":[175],"Next,":[176],"propose":[178],"benchmark":[180],"algorithm":[181,263],"based":[182],"semidefinite":[185],"relaxation":[186],"(SDR)":[187],"technique":[188],"jointly":[190],"optimize":[191],"vector":[194],"phase":[199],"shift":[200],"matrix":[201],"Alternative":[205],"manner":[206],"utilised":[208],"until":[209],"both":[210],"arrive":[211],"convergence.":[213],"Furthermore,":[214],"apply":[216],"dominant":[218],"eigen":[219],"direction":[220],"scheme":[222],"do":[224],"order":[227],"reduce":[229],"complexity":[231],"algorithm,":[234],"column":[238],"control":[239],"facilitate":[244],"practical":[245],"hardware":[246],"implementation.":[247],"Numerical":[248],"results":[249],"show":[250],"tightness":[252],"effectiveness":[259],"our":[261],"proposed":[262],"for":[264],"improving":[265],"SE":[268],"effects":[273],"freedom":[275],"degrees":[276],"performances.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}