{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133294175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125","title":"Lyapunov-Driven Optimization for Energy-Cost Minimization in Data Center With Renewable Energy and Time-Varying Electricity Prices","display_name":"Lyapunov-Driven Optimization for Energy-Cost Minimization in Data Center With Renewable Energy and Time-Varying Electricity Prices","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133294175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116294180","display_name":"Wenjia Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-5920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjia Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-5920","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127886366","display_name":"Linghao Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linghao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128029177","display_name":"Yong Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22280542,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"684","last_page":"700"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.5388000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.5388000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.04969999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.0348999984562397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-optimization","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","score":0.8048999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.6190999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5766000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5623000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.517300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-optimization","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-algorithm","display_name":"Online algorithm","score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.44620001316070557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.8048999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7871000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.6190999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5766000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5623000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5514000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.517300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196921405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786431","display_name":"Online algorithm","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4397999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14961307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377176","display_name":"Energy minimization","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38839998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.3806000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.3596000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779280359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870344","display_name":"Electricity pricing","level":4,"score":0.34929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187633118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317949","display_name":"Economic dispatch","level":4,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3670125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8472421169281006}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G426819388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M742793","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8466008179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302388","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"centers":[1],"are":[2],"increasingly":[3],"adopting":[4],"renewable":[5,29],"energy":[6,19,30,44],"sources":[7],"to":[8,24,42,65,105],"mitigate":[9],"environmental":[10],"impact":[11],"and":[12,27,60,91,109,122,162],"reduce":[13],"operational":[14],"costs.":[15],"However,":[16],"effectively":[17],"optimizing":[18],"costs":[20],"remains":[21],"challenging":[22],"due":[23],"unpredictable":[25],"workloads":[26,108],"fluctuating":[28],"availability.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"introduces":[34],"LOECM,":[35],"a":[36,114,129,144],"Lyapunov-driven":[37],"online":[38,56],"scheduling":[39,103],"algorithm":[40],"designed":[41],"minimize":[43],"cost":[45,68,168],"without":[46,171],"relying":[47],"on":[48,113,174],"future":[49],"information.":[50],"LOECM":[51,102,136,163],"is":[52],"formulated":[53],"as":[54],"an":[55,85,156],"stochastic":[57],"optimization":[58,63,81],"problem":[59],"leverages":[61],"Lyapunov":[62],"techniques":[64],"balance":[66],"immediate":[67],"minimization":[69],"against":[70],"task":[71],"queue":[72],"stability.":[73],"By":[74],"exploiting":[75],"the":[76,80,101,120,135,175],"inherent":[77],"structure":[78],"of":[79,124,159],"problem,":[82],"we":[83,99,127],"design":[84],"efficient":[86],"solver":[87],"with":[88],"constant":[89],"time":[90],"space":[92],"complexity":[93],"(<inline-formula":[94],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[95],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[96],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathcal{O}(1)$</tex-math></inline-formula>).":[97],"Additionally,":[98],"propose":[100],"policy":[104,173],"dynamically":[106],"manage":[107],"node":[110,146],"activation":[111],"based":[112],"covering":[115],"subset":[116],"strategy.":[117],"To":[118],"evaluate":[119],"practicality":[121],"effectiveness":[123],"our":[125,152,172],"approach,":[126],"implement":[128],"prototype":[130,176],"system":[131],"called":[132],"LOECMHadoop,":[133],"integrating":[134],"scheduler":[137],"into":[138],"Hadoop-a":[139],"widely-used":[140],"data":[141],"processing":[142],"platform-across":[143],"10-":[145],"cluster.":[147],"Experimental":[148],"results":[149],"show":[150],"that":[151],"power":[153],"model":[154],"has":[155],"average":[157],"deviation":[158],"approximately":[160],"5%,":[161],"achieves":[164],"over":[165],"20%":[166],"electricity":[167],"savings":[169],"compared":[170],"system.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}