{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123344721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011","title":"LRAEB: Lightweight and Robust Anonymous ECC and Blockchain-Based Protocol for IoT in the Context of Public Cloud","display_name":"LRAEB: Lightweight and Robust Anonymous ECC and Blockchain-Based Protocol for IoT in the Context of Public Cloud","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123344721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084507912","display_name":"Naveed Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-8966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naveed Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Applied Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-8966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Applied Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052381064","display_name":"Junchao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2666-6874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junchao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2666-6874","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112773329","display_name":"Dingyuan Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingyuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-8786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Technology School, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046988714","display_name":"Mustafa A. Al Sibahee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-8101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa A.Al Sibahee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management and Marketing, College of Industrial Management for Oil and Gas, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-8101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management and Marketing, College of Industrial Management for Oil and Gas, Basrah University for Oil and Gas, Basrah, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047048551","display_name":"Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-6956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, College of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-6956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, College of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122906380","display_name":"Ashok Kumar Das","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashok Kumar Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Security, Theory and Algorithmic Research, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-9589","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Security, Theory and Algorithmic Research, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":51.9945,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99502482,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"309","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.3422999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.3422999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.2524999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.17970000207424164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7093999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-oracle","display_name":"Random oracle","score":0.5343000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5095999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.37940001487731934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7093999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167615521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048911","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","level":4,"score":0.6007999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94284585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228184","display_name":"Random oracle","level":4,"score":0.5343000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5095999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.37940001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10511746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899388","display_name":"Data security","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15927051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246593","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","level":4,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777059624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914359","display_name":"Cloud storage","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2026.3651011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129483619","https://openalex.org/W2137218567","https://openalex.org/W2273663819","https://openalex.org/W2897993795","https://openalex.org/W2910735050","https://openalex.org/W2942880513","https://openalex.org/W2947066641","https://openalex.org/W2981117366","https://openalex.org/W2997804494","https://openalex.org/W3010858269","https://openalex.org/W3032780047","https://openalex.org/W3043570263","https://openalex.org/W3046325143","https://openalex.org/W3088323682","https://openalex.org/W3120131265","https://openalex.org/W3129674742","https://openalex.org/W3160705937","https://openalex.org/W3190346330","https://openalex.org/W3204658318","https://openalex.org/W4210421291","https://openalex.org/W4221081754","https://openalex.org/W4225654141","https://openalex.org/W4285199751","https://openalex.org/W4382242981","https://openalex.org/W4387631239","https://openalex.org/W4387934885","https://openalex.org/W4388487508","https://openalex.org/W4388626204","https://openalex.org/W4393137439","https://openalex.org/W4394744117","https://openalex.org/W4408304320","https://openalex.org/W4408935395","https://openalex.org/W4409249417"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Authentication":[0],"is":[1],"crucial":[2],"in":[3,55,102],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,17,92,99,120],"Things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"networks":[8],"as":[9,110],"it":[10,124],"ensures":[11],"the":[12,70,95,118,129,141,166],"integrity,":[13],"accuracy,":[14],"and":[15,27,58,64,78,82,97,113,134,174],"tamper-resistance":[16],"information.":[18],"This":[19],"research":[20],"article":[21],"aims":[22],"to":[23,74,148],"design":[24,75],"a":[25,56,76],"lightweight":[26],"robust":[28],"secure":[29,36],"transmission":[30],"system":[31,44],"for":[32,62],"IoT-enabled":[33],"devices,":[34],"enabling":[35],"interaction":[37],"with":[38,49,170],"public":[39,103,171],"cloud":[40,104,172],"computing.":[41],"The":[42,90],"proposed":[43],"leverages":[45],"blockchain":[46,93],"technology":[47],"integrated":[48],"elliptic":[50,72],"curve":[51,73],"cryptography":[52],"(ECC),":[53],"resulting":[54],"resilient":[57],"efficient":[59],"scheme":[60,85,143],"tailored":[61],"resource":[63],"energy-constrained":[65],"devices.":[66,176],"We":[67],"have":[68],"adopted":[69],"SECP256K1":[71],"Lightweight":[77],"Robust":[79],"Anonymous":[80],"ECC":[81],"Blockchain":[83],"(LRAEB)":[84],"that":[86,140,155],"offers":[87],"superior":[88],"performance.":[89],"use":[91],"guarantees":[94],"integrity":[96],"confidentiality":[98],"data":[100,111],"stored":[101],"servers,":[105],"addressing":[106],"security":[107,119,167],"vulnerabilities":[108],"such":[109],"leakage":[112],"unauthorized":[114],"access.":[115],"To":[116],"validate":[117],"this":[121,156],"novel":[122,157],"technique,":[123],"will":[125,159],"undergo":[126],"verification":[127],"using":[128],"Random":[130],"Oracle":[131],"Model":[132],"(ROM)":[133],"Python.":[135],"Our":[136],"theoretical":[137],"analysis":[138],"confirms":[139],"LRAEB":[142],"achieves":[144],"better":[145],"efficiency":[146],"compared":[147],"existing":[149],"schemes.":[150],"In":[151],"conclusion,":[152],"we":[153],"anticipate":[154],"technique":[158],"significantly":[160],"enhance":[161],"information":[162],"flow":[163],"while":[164],"mitigating":[165],"flaws":[168],"associated":[169],"computing":[173],"IoT":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T06:13:28.667946","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}