{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415178821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615","title":"A Graph-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning Model for Task Scheduling on Heterogeneous Resource-Elastic Management of Resource Pool","display_name":"A Graph-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning Model for Task Scheduling on Heterogeneous Resource-Elastic Management of Resource Pool","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415178821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438364","display_name":"Cong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-503X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-503X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100676495","display_name":"Fan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-7141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-7141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhenyu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354377","display_name":"Xiaohan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-7911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710713","display_name":"Huad\u00f3ng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-5047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huadong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-5047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020422392","display_name":"Yuanan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-1904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-1904","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3065,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92956732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"1327","last_page":"1342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6450999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5681999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.40290001034736633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.70169997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6450999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5681999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111873713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641413","display_name":"Job scheduler","level":3,"score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.38190001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778274720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315806","display_name":"Resource Management System","level":3,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114809511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412924","display_name":"Flow network","level":2,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116409475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385056","display_name":"External Data Representation","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13540734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318996","display_name":"Dynamic network analysis","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3620615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4969163824","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GZB20230086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G973083078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336363","display_name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Work Safety Intelligent Monitoring, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028351695","https://openalex.org/W2117812463","https://openalex.org/W2219413783","https://openalex.org/W2276486856","https://openalex.org/W2482213519","https://openalex.org/W2546571074","https://openalex.org/W2951360122","https://openalex.org/W2998354002","https://openalex.org/W3017368568","https://openalex.org/W3086853671","https://openalex.org/W3089116250","https://openalex.org/W3090944842","https://openalex.org/W3104833313","https://openalex.org/W3162118826","https://openalex.org/W3174056649","https://openalex.org/W3211799598","https://openalex.org/W4205902144","https://openalex.org/W4214879783","https://openalex.org/W4241298546","https://openalex.org/W4285282858","https://openalex.org/W4285295176","https://openalex.org/W4311897500","https://openalex.org/W4384159591","https://openalex.org/W4391853671","https://openalex.org/W4391935850","https://openalex.org/W4393241319","https://openalex.org/W4403937490","https://openalex.org/W4404238639","https://openalex.org/W4405056097","https://openalex.org/W4407792670"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"cloud":[1,43],"computing":[2,12,44],"revolutionizes":[3],"various":[4,185],"fields,":[5],"the":[6,51,83,90,130,141,169,176],"demand":[7],"for":[8,92],"scalable":[9],"and":[10,24,31,67,89,114,137,187,201],"flexible":[11],"resources":[13,75],"has":[14],"grown":[15],"significantly.":[16],"Applications":[17],"in":[18,140],"large-scale":[19],"engineering":[20],"simulations,":[21],"artificial":[22],"intelligence,":[23],"data":[25],"analysis":[26],"require":[27],"substantial":[28],"computational":[29],"power":[30],"memory,":[32],"placing":[33],"pressure":[34],"on":[35,121,156],"traditional":[36],"systems.":[37],"With":[38],"its":[39],"heterogeneous":[40],"resource":[41,59,87,116,135,138,151],"pools,":[42],"offers":[45],"a":[46,77,101,108,115,122,149],"promising":[47],"solution":[48],"by":[49],"enabling":[50],"dynamic":[52,93,150],"allocation":[53,152],"of":[54,171,184,193],"diverse,":[55],"distributed":[56],"resources.":[57],"These":[58,127],"pools":[60],"facilitate":[61],"parallel":[62],"task":[63],"execution,":[64],"accelerate":[65],"computations,":[66],"enhance":[68],"system":[69],"flexibility.":[70],"However,":[71],"efficiently":[72],"managing":[73],"these":[74],"remains":[76],"complex,":[78],"NP-hard":[79],"challenge":[80],"due":[81],"to":[82,161],"vast":[84],"search":[85],"space,":[86],"fragmentation,":[88],"need":[91],"adjustments.":[94],"In":[95],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98,147,167],"first":[99],"develop":[100],"novel":[102],"multi-task":[103],"flow":[104],"representation":[105,118],"model":[106,119,154],"using":[107,181],"deep":[109,157],"graph":[110],"neural":[111,124],"network":[112,125],"(GNN)":[113],"pool":[117],"based":[120,155],"convolutional":[123],"(CNN).":[126],"models":[128],"describe":[129],"dependencies":[131],"among":[132],"multiple":[133],"tasks,":[134],"requirements,":[136],"distribution":[139],"multi-DAG":[142],"job":[143,163],"arrival":[144,190],"scenario.":[145],"Then,":[146],"design":[148],"strategy":[153],"reinforcement":[158],"learning":[159],"(DRL)":[160],"reduce":[162],"processing":[164],"time.":[165],"Finally,":[166],"compare":[168],"performance":[170],"our":[172],"proposed":[173],"method":[174],"with":[175],"other":[177],"eight":[178],"baseline":[179],"algorithms":[180],"test":[182],"datasets":[183],"scales":[186],"under":[188],"different":[189],"modes":[191],"consisting":[192],"Montage,":[194],"CyberShake,":[195],"Broadband,":[196],"Epigenomics,":[197],"LIGO,":[198],"VGG":[199],"16-SVD,":[200],"Edge":[202],"Detection":[203],"datasets.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-10-15T00:00:00"}