{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410359298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327","title":"Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Chinese Remainder Theorem","display_name":"Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Chinese Remainder Theorem","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410359298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060708223","display_name":"Jiani Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0397-0013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159389169","display_name":"Ningbo University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037dym702","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiani Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066869045","display_name":"Dawen Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9619-8407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159389169","display_name":"Ningbo University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037dym702","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9619-8407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159389169"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87221767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"821","last_page":"836"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9254000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remainder","display_name":"Remainder","score":0.7815818786621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-remainder-theorem","display_name":"Chinese remainder theorem","score":0.7476879358291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7152010202407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.679583728313446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.5635374784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4114249050617218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3817954361438751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3703716993331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32431358098983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30692026019096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.24712496995925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2409161925315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22817063331604004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39613435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846677","display_name":"Remainder","level":2,"score":0.7815818786621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151635116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193878","display_name":"Chinese remainder theorem","level":2,"score":0.7476879358291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7152010202407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.679583728313446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.5635374784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4114249050617218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3817954361438751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3703716993331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32431358098983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30692026019096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.24712496995925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2409161925315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22817063331604004}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2025.3570327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1535121848","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3482927112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023J022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332587","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4880438001","display_name":"\u5b89\u5168\u9c81\u68d2\u7684HEVC\u89c6\u9891\u9690\u5199\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071267","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332587","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992808156","https://openalex.org/W1998279455","https://openalex.org/W2010380519","https://openalex.org/W2011252681","https://openalex.org/W2012711090","https://openalex.org/W2075965608","https://openalex.org/W2088399161","https://openalex.org/W2107270044","https://openalex.org/W2115924904","https://openalex.org/W2129270830","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2153638435","https://openalex.org/W2158986121","https://openalex.org/W2159026792","https://openalex.org/W2170269447","https://openalex.org/W2227996660","https://openalex.org/W2755498902","https://openalex.org/W2792490487","https://openalex.org/W2793920083","https://openalex.org/W2919213734","https://openalex.org/W2942903479","https://openalex.org/W2944781240","https://openalex.org/W2962531843","https://openalex.org/W2969448873","https://openalex.org/W3021929949","https://openalex.org/W3045372214","https://openalex.org/W3045939081","https://openalex.org/W3134369321","https://openalex.org/W3154788444","https://openalex.org/W3163262413","https://openalex.org/W3172923446","https://openalex.org/W3173484368","https://openalex.org/W3175552437","https://openalex.org/W4206100086","https://openalex.org/W4312436447","https://openalex.org/W4312619979","https://openalex.org/W4312748513","https://openalex.org/W4317796327","https://openalex.org/W4328030380","https://openalex.org/W4367276775","https://openalex.org/W4387885647","https://openalex.org/W4389665278","https://openalex.org/W4400620568","https://openalex.org/W4402534290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287823239","https://openalex.org/W1984910481","https://openalex.org/W2154733965","https://openalex.org/W1608773862","https://openalex.org/W2366394750","https://openalex.org/W2393337705","https://openalex.org/W2161621882","https://openalex.org/W4388257762","https://openalex.org/W2170618847","https://openalex.org/W2366738637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"deal":[1],"with":[2],"the":[3,6,24,48,56,64,87,102,135,139,143,156,175,183,187],"development":[4],"of":[5,110,134,178,186],"distributed":[7],"server,":[8],"this":[9],"paper":[10],"proposes":[11],"a":[12,162],"new":[13],"method":[14],"for":[15,107,166],"reversible":[16],"data":[17,36,124,130,179],"hiding":[18,180],"in":[19],"encrypted":[20,136,150],"images":[21,106],"based":[22,121],"on":[23,97],"Chinese":[25],"Remainder":[26],"Theorem":[27],"(CRT),":[28],"encrypting":[29],"and":[30,55,75,91,114,181],"sharing":[31,93,108],"one":[32,133],"image":[33,44,145,189],"to":[34,71,86,100,173],"multiple":[35],"hiders":[37],"through$(k,n)$-threshold":[38],"secret":[39,92,129,167,191],"sharing.":[40,192],"First,":[41],"an":[42],"original":[43,144,188],"is":[45,119,170],"divided":[46],"into":[47],"most":[49],"significant":[50,58],"bit":[51,59],"(MSB)":[52],"compression":[53,112],"area":[54,61],"least":[57],"(LSB)":[60],"by":[62,81],"utilizing":[63],"spatial":[65],"correlation.":[66],"The$l$-MSB":[67],"layers":[68,99],"are":[69,79,95],"predicted":[70],"obtain":[72],"prediction":[73,77],"errors,":[74],"these":[76],"errors":[78],"compressed":[80],"Huffman":[82],"coding.":[83],"Then":[84],"according":[85],"value":[88],"of$k$,":[89],"CRT":[90],"scheme":[94],"performed":[96],"the$(8-l)$-LSB":[98],"generate":[101],"shared":[103,115],"bitstream.":[104],"Finally,$n$encrypted":[105],"consist":[109],"MSB":[111],"bitstreams":[113],"bitstreams,":[116],"whose":[117],"size":[118],"adjusted":[120],"on$k$value.":[122],"Each":[123],"hider":[125],"can":[126,141],"independently":[127],"embed":[128],"after":[131,147],"having":[132],"images,":[137],"while":[138],"receiver":[140],"recover":[142],"only":[146,160],"receiving$k$or":[148],"more":[149],"images.":[151],"Experimental":[152],"results":[153],"show":[154],"that":[155],"proposed":[157],"algorithm":[158],"not":[159],"provides":[161],"large":[163],"embedding":[164],"space":[165],"data,":[168],"but":[169],"also":[171],"able":[172],"complete":[174],"inverse":[176],"operation":[177],"realize":[182],"lossless":[184],"recovery":[185],"with$(k,n)$-threshold":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}