{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3102729202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","title":"LPGA: Location Privacy-Guaranteed Offloading Algorithm in Cache-Enabled Edge Clouds","display_name":"LPGA: Location Privacy-Guaranteed Offloading Algorithm in Cache-Enabled Edge Clouds","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3102729202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","mag":"3102729202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007398507","display_name":"Haneul Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-445X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haneul Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Convergence Software, Korea University, Sejong, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Convergence Software, Korea University, Sejong, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079307789","display_name":"Hochan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-2537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hochan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101503304","display_name":"Taeyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-5581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015321839","display_name":"Sangheon Pack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-1568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangheon Pack","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007398507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9347,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87370517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"2729","last_page":"2738"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8594443798065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8587397336959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.6863277554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5691525936126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.5662633180618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5550645589828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.48405948281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.47867637872695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4618891775608063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.4436790347099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37429988384246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.3500951826572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20823994278907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.0722605288028717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8594443798065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8587397336959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.6863277554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5691525936126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.5662633180618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5550645589828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.48405948281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.47867637872695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4618891775608063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4436790347099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37429988384246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.3500951826572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20823994278907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0722605288028717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2020.3030817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1469737185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020R1A2C3006786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G978651291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1C1C1004352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103953230","https://openalex.org/W2141587120","https://openalex.org/W2158012051","https://openalex.org/W2262390119","https://openalex.org/W2281535412","https://openalex.org/W2364089413","https://openalex.org/W2491017130","https://openalex.org/W2508950926","https://openalex.org/W2557019901","https://openalex.org/W2751904527","https://openalex.org/W2753960800","https://openalex.org/W2778138942","https://openalex.org/W2782105028","https://openalex.org/W2785821779","https://openalex.org/W2786027963","https://openalex.org/W2789530668","https://openalex.org/W2790038630","https://openalex.org/W2794138919","https://openalex.org/W2803421549","https://openalex.org/W2803698262","https://openalex.org/W2845644909","https://openalex.org/W2891123429","https://openalex.org/W2895879715","https://openalex.org/W2897034345","https://openalex.org/W2899071560","https://openalex.org/W2906008667","https://openalex.org/W2907935659","https://openalex.org/W2912388589","https://openalex.org/W2913740539","https://openalex.org/W2963198024","https://openalex.org/W2963618158","https://openalex.org/W2963924262","https://openalex.org/W2974991939","https://openalex.org/W2981732710","https://openalex.org/W3013294681","https://openalex.org/W3028084160","https://openalex.org/W3101824822","https://openalex.org/W3102729202","https://openalex.org/W3103487703","https://openalex.org/W3106159107","https://openalex.org/W6695516031","https://openalex.org/W6785888830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322761281","https://openalex.org/W2315999538","https://openalex.org/W4238233472","https://openalex.org/W3111395152","https://openalex.org/W4313526662","https://openalex.org/W187740018","https://openalex.org/W4313463218","https://openalex.org/W3106131444","https://openalex.org/W3216099748","https://openalex.org/W2162286586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"computation":[1],"offloading,":[2],"where":[3,101],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,24,61,115,144],"Things":[6],"(IoT)":[7],"devices":[8,26,36],"transfers":[9],"their":[10],"task":[11,105],"to":[12,46,58,102,167,184,188],"an":[13,97,161],"external":[14],"cloud,":[15],"has":[16],"several":[17],"advantages":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20],"low":[21,135],"energy":[22,136,197],"consumption":[23],"IoT":[25,35,66,76,98],"and":[27,122,139,156,204],"fast":[28],"response":[29],"time.":[30],"To":[31,78,127],"maximize":[32],"these":[33],"advantages,":[34],"can":[37,51,178],"exploit":[38],"the":[39,47,59,62,104,113,116,123,129,169,180,196],"nearest":[40,48],"edge":[41,49,63,92,107],"cloud.":[42],"However,":[43],"frequent":[44],"offloadings":[45],"cloud":[50,64,93,108],"cause":[52],"a":[53,70,84,141,147,189,201],"location":[54,85,121,145,207],"privacy":[55,117,208],"vulnerability":[56],"due":[57],"proximity":[60],"from":[65],"devices,":[67],"which":[68],"is":[69,154,158],"critical":[71],"issue":[72],"in":[73,90],"smart":[74],"city":[75],"applications.":[77],"address":[79],"this":[80],"problem,":[81],"we":[82],"propose":[83],"privacy-guaranteed":[86],"offloading":[87,192],"algorithm":[88],"(LPGA)":[89],"cache-enabled":[91],"environments.":[94],"In":[95],"LPGA,":[96],"device":[99],"decides":[100],"offload":[103],"(i.e.,":[106],"or":[109],"central":[110,190],"cloud)":[111],"with":[112],"consideration":[114],"level":[118,143,203],"on":[119],"its":[120],"cache":[124],"hit":[125],"probability.":[126],"minimize":[128],"generated":[130],"traffic":[131,181],"volume":[132,182],"while":[133,194],"maintaining":[134,195],"outage":[137,198],"probability":[138,199],"providing":[140,205],"sufficient":[142],"privacy,":[146],"constrained":[148],"Markov":[149],"decision":[150],"process":[151],"(CMDP)":[152],"problem":[153],"developed":[155],"it":[157],"converted":[159],"into":[160],"equivalent":[162],"linear":[163],"programming":[164],"(LP)":[165],"model":[166],"achieve":[168],"optimal":[170],"policy":[171],"for":[172],"offloading.":[173],"Evaluation":[174],"results":[175],"demonstrate":[176],"LPGA":[177],"reduce":[179],"up":[183],"39":[185],"percent":[186],"compared":[187],"cloud-based":[191],"scheme":[193],"below":[200],"certain":[202],"required":[206],"level.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}