{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170997622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","title":"Virtualization Technology for TCP/IP Offload Engine","display_name":"Virtualization Technology for TCP/IP Offload Engine","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170997622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","mag":"2170997622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047943784","display_name":"En-Hao Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"En-Hao Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007596675","display_name":"Chen-Chieh Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142066694","display_name":"ITRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwsbd59","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142066694"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148468","display_name":"Industrial Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05szzwt63","country_code":"TW","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148468"]}],"countries":["TW","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Chieh Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Communications Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu","Information and Communications Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Communications Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142066694"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Communications Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048492358","display_name":"Chien-Te Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chien-Te Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103184352","display_name":"Kuan\u2010Chung Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Chung Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111582905","display_name":"Chung\u2010Ho Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Ho Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan City 701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83828875,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"117","last_page":"129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.778062105178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypervisor","display_name":"Hypervisor","score":0.7644227743148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.7207968235015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.7048667073249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5335918664932251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/full-virtualization","display_name":"Full virtualization","score":0.5130518674850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.5094447731971741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.49844789505004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.483039915561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-virtualization","display_name":"Hardware virtualization","score":0.4156160354614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37668201327323914}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.778062105178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112904061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077480","display_name":"Hypervisor","level":4,"score":0.7644227743148804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.7207968235015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.7048667073249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5335918664932251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47878483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848333","display_name":"Full virtualization","level":4,"score":0.5130518674850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.5094447731971741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.49844789505004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.483039915561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68793194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616095","display_name":"Hardware virtualization","level":5,"score":0.4156160354614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37668201327323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2014.2306425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492498579","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","issn_l":"2168-7161","issn":["2168-7161","2372-0018"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322214","display_name":"Industrial Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05szzwt63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322410","display_name":"MediaTek","ror":"https://ror.org/05g9jck81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485906286","https://openalex.org/W1505032524","https://openalex.org/W1523505290","https://openalex.org/W1596606311","https://openalex.org/W1604656800","https://openalex.org/W1989356256","https://openalex.org/W2014989534","https://openalex.org/W2028863828","https://openalex.org/W2031604208","https://openalex.org/W2036439306","https://openalex.org/W2039997795","https://openalex.org/W2065642815","https://openalex.org/W2073907474","https://openalex.org/W2090076638","https://openalex.org/W2104321028","https://openalex.org/W2115973983","https://openalex.org/W2134134135","https://openalex.org/W2143587547","https://openalex.org/W2146848271","https://openalex.org/W2152132676","https://openalex.org/W2157822123","https://openalex.org/W2165890524","https://openalex.org/W2166477067","https://openalex.org/W3143248510","https://openalex.org/W4243947286","https://openalex.org/W6628659240","https://openalex.org/W6635689766","https://openalex.org/W6636256048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021257679","https://openalex.org/W2134071009","https://openalex.org/W2005435933","https://openalex.org/W2017036943","https://openalex.org/W2179519055","https://openalex.org/W2549930939","https://openalex.org/W2747005099","https://openalex.org/W2050621158","https://openalex.org/W1775827617","https://openalex.org/W2761289806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"I/O":[1,39,95,115,164,179,184],"virtualization":[2,15,40,81],"plays":[3],"an":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,64,79],"cloud":[8],"computing.":[9],"This":[10],"paper":[11],"addresses":[12],"the":[13,24,34,58,61,65,80,93,99,110,119,133,142,150,158,162,168,202,206],"system-wide":[14],"issues":[16],"of":[17,36,43,82,109,132],"TCP/IP":[18],"Offload":[19],"Engine":[20],"(TOE)":[21],"and":[22,46,68,74,181,200],"presents":[23],"architectural":[25],"designs.":[26],"We":[27,171],"identify":[28],"three":[29],"critical":[30],"factors":[31],"that":[32,105,173],"affect":[33],"performance":[35],"a":[37,83,146,174,182],"TOE:":[38],"architectures,":[41],"quality":[42],"service":[44,198],"(QoS),":[45],"virtual":[47],"machine":[48],"monitor":[49],"(VMM)":[50],"scheduler.":[51,170],"In":[52],"our":[53],"device":[54,120],"emulation":[55,121],"based":[56],"TOE,":[57],"VMM":[59,111,169,175],"manages":[60],"socket":[62],"connections":[63],"TOE":[66,137,143,163,207],"directly":[67],"thus":[69],"can":[70],"eliminate":[71],"packet":[72],"copy":[73],"demultiplexing":[75],"overheads":[76],"as":[77,123,125],"appeared":[78],"layer":[84],"2":[85],"network":[86],"card.":[87],"To":[88,139],"further":[89],"reduce":[90],"hypervisor":[91],"intervention,":[92],"direct":[94,114],"access":[96,116],"architecture":[97,117,122],"provides":[98],"per":[100],"VM-based":[101],"physical":[102],"control":[103],"interface":[104],"helps":[106],"removing":[107],"most":[108],"interventions.":[112],"The":[113],"out-performs":[118],"large":[124],"30":[126],"percent,":[127],"or":[128,154],"achieves":[129],"80":[130],"percent":[131],"native":[134],"10":[135],"Gbit/s":[136],"system.":[138],"continue":[140],"serving":[141],"commands":[144],"for":[145],"VM,":[147],"no":[148],"matter":[149],"VM":[151],"is":[152],"idle":[153],"switched":[155],"out":[156],"by":[157],"VMM,":[159],"we":[160],"decouple":[161],"command":[165,185],"dispatcher":[166,186],"from":[167],"found":[172],"scheduler":[176],"with":[177,187],"preemptive":[178],"scheduling":[180],"programmable":[183],"deficit":[188],"weighted":[189],"round":[190],"robin":[191],"(DWRR)":[192],"policy":[193],"are":[194],"able":[195],"to":[196],"ensure":[197],"fairness":[199],"at":[201],"same":[203],"time":[204],"maximize":[205],"utilization.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
