{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4291920463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","title":"HA-ResNet: Residual Neural Network With Hidden Attention for ECG Arrhythmia Detection Using Two-Dimensional Signal","display_name":"HA-ResNet: Residual Neural Network With Hidden Attention for ECG Arrhythmia Detection Using Two-Dimensional Signal","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4291920463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35969555"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36029991","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1545-5963","issn":["1545-5963","1557-9964","2374-0043"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008629614","display_name":"Yuxia Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-6192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxia Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-6192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026558223","display_name":"Ying An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-5135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Big Data Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-5135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Big Data Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113933653","display_name":"Jingrui Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingrui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100717529","display_name":"Ning Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3711-3872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438360","display_name":"Jianxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-0480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-0480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94185555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"6","first_page":"3389","last_page":"3398"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6709409952163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6591438055038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6578941941261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrhythmia","display_name":"Cardiac arrhythmia","score":0.6489812135696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6272004842758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6213183403015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5757259130477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.43997785449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4212132692337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3241969645023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","score":0.2067267894744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.1996738314628601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16560983657836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.119456946849823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10538822412490845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6709409952163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6591438055038452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6578941941261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988455589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189331","display_name":"Cardiac arrhythmia","level":3,"score":0.6489812135696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6272004842758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6213183403015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5757259130477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.43997785449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4212132692337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3241969645023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779161974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819","display_name":"Atrial fibrillation","level":2,"score":0.2067267894744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.1996738314628601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16560983657836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.119456946849823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10538822412490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcbb.2022.3198998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36029991","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1545-5963","issn":["1545-5963","1557-9964","2374-0043"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35969555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35969555","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G611205877","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFF1201200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017977879","https://openalex.org/W2063921320","https://openalex.org/W2067024845","https://openalex.org/W2117736816","https://openalex.org/W2136396015","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2277019862","https://openalex.org/W2283856908","https://openalex.org/W2586880591","https://openalex.org/W2605056515","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2887119478","https://openalex.org/W2902644322","https://openalex.org/W2939171568","https://openalex.org/W2961638199","https://openalex.org/W2969345138","https://openalex.org/W2980183981","https://openalex.org/W2987039128","https://openalex.org/W2996959172","https://openalex.org/W3004356227","https://openalex.org/W3010246639","https://openalex.org/W3022945091","https://openalex.org/W3083983389","https://openalex.org/W3084352865","https://openalex.org/W3104075323","https://openalex.org/W3122804080","https://openalex.org/W3127181174","https://openalex.org/W3156461423","https://openalex.org/W3170087560","https://openalex.org/W3182889567","https://openalex.org/W3197734067","https://openalex.org/W4205868820","https://openalex.org/W4213094289","https://openalex.org/W4226385270","https://openalex.org/W6628877408","https://openalex.org/W6802821011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560215812","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W2807586294","https://openalex.org/W4391114540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arrhythmia":[0],"is":[1,27,47,88,159],"an":[2,134],"abnormal":[3],"heart":[4],"rhythm,":[5],"a":[6,107,146],"common":[7],"clinical":[8],"problem":[9],"in":[10,64,143],"cardiology.":[11],"Long-term":[12],"or":[13],"severe":[14],"arrhythmia":[15,56,86,116],"may":[16],"lead":[17],"to":[18,33,62,92,137,161],"stroke":[19],"and":[20,49,73,99,131,154,176,183,190,207],"sudden":[21],"cardiac":[22],"death.":[23],"The":[24,201],"electrocardiogram":[25],"(ECG)":[26],"the":[28,37,93,121,139,164,197,205],"most":[29],"commonly":[30],"used":[31,160],"tool":[32],"diagnose":[34],"arrhythmia.":[35],"However,":[36,77],"traditional":[38],"diagnosis":[39],"relies":[40],"on":[41,172,185],"experts":[42],"for":[43,85,114],"manual":[44,71],"interpretation,":[45],"which":[46,194],"time-consuming":[48],"laborious.":[50],"In":[51,102,118],"recent":[52],"years,":[53],"many":[54],"automatic":[55],"detection":[57,87],"methods":[58,68],"have":[59],"emerged":[60],"due":[61,91],"advancements":[63],"deep":[65,165],"learning.":[66],"These":[67],"can":[69],"reduce":[70],"intervention":[72],"improve":[74],"diagnostic":[75],"efficiency.":[76],"extracting":[78],"useful":[79],"features":[80,142],"from":[81],"raw":[82],"ECG":[83,97,123],"signals":[84,98,124],"still":[89],"challenging":[90],"low":[94],"frequency":[95],"of":[96,180,209],"noise":[100],"distribution.":[101],"this":[103,119],"paper,":[104],"we":[105],"propose":[106],"novel":[108],"hidden":[109,147],"attention":[110,148],"residual":[111],"network":[112],"(HA-ResNet)":[113],"automated":[115],"classification.":[117],"model,":[120],"one-dimensional":[122],"are":[125],"first":[126],"converted":[127],"into":[128,133],"two-dimensional":[129],"images":[130],"fed":[132],"embedding":[135],"layer":[136,149],"obtain":[138],"relevant":[140],"shallow":[141],"ECG.":[144],"Then,":[145],"combining":[150],"Squeeze-and-Excitation":[151],"(SE)":[152],"block":[153],"Bidirectional":[155],"Convolutional":[156],"LSTM":[157],"(BConvLSTM)":[158],"further":[162],"capture":[163],"Spatio-temporal":[166],"features.":[167],"We":[168],"evaluate":[169],"our":[170,210],"HA-ResNet":[171],"two":[173],"public":[174],"datasets":[175],"achieve":[177],"F1":[178],"scores":[179],"96.0%,":[181],"96.7%,":[182],"87.6%":[184],"2s":[186],"segments,":[187,189,192],"5s":[188],"10s":[191],"respectively,":[193],"significantly":[195],"outperform":[196],"existing":[198],"state-of-the-art":[199],"approaches.":[200],"experimental":[202],"results":[203],"demonstrate":[204],"effectiveness":[206],"generalization":[208],"method.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}