{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411996683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800","title":"Low-Cost High-Accuracy Random Number Source Design for Stochastic Computing via Exploitation of Uniform Spatial Distribution","display_name":"Low-Cost High-Accuracy Random Number Source Design for Stochastic Computing via Exploitation of Uniform Spatial Distribution","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411996683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057603846","display_name":"Kuncai Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-3283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuncai Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-3283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030269757","display_name":"Jiangyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-0912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zexi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-6044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zexi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global College, University of Michigan&#x2013;Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute (UM-SJTU JI), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-6044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global College, University of Michigan&#x2013;Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute (UM-SJTU JI), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haoran Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoran Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036572182","display_name":"Weikang Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-9431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weikang Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global College, University of Michigan&#x2013;Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","UM-SJTU JI and the MoE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-9431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global College, University of Michigan&#x2013;Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UM-SJTU JI and the MoE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680951","display_name":"Jiliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-2964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-2964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12416801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"2","first_page":"705","last_page":"718"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9693999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5432201623916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.5163682699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.39172154664993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3405023217201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30882155895233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.07805362343788147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5432201623916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5163682699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.39172154664993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3405023217201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30882155895233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07805362343788147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2025.3585800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1642119431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4757893089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20A20202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G485163565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62122023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6668179737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"kq2402003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Changzhou City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8498472037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB2205501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G863995492","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u968f\u673a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u968f\u673a\u6570\u53d1\u751f\u5668\u9ad8\u6548\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"2025JJ60433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8921529244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024YFE0211100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316878","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Changzhou City","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010588734","https://openalex.org/W2077344647","https://openalex.org/W2101765144","https://openalex.org/W2144024329","https://openalex.org/W2295519933","https://openalex.org/W2296101864","https://openalex.org/W2518922124","https://openalex.org/W2533474659","https://openalex.org/W2539422612","https://openalex.org/W2549747794","https://openalex.org/W2614053718","https://openalex.org/W2625226188","https://openalex.org/W2734081301","https://openalex.org/W2770265919","https://openalex.org/W2782269965","https://openalex.org/W2782989621","https://openalex.org/W2808500276","https://openalex.org/W2809285983","https://openalex.org/W2900009113","https://openalex.org/W3001688831","https://openalex.org/W3003560254","https://openalex.org/W3036204603","https://openalex.org/W3036587489","https://openalex.org/W3043216033","https://openalex.org/W3047774572","https://openalex.org/W3157606747","https://openalex.org/W3184528658","https://openalex.org/W3215211894","https://openalex.org/W4200084482","https://openalex.org/W4251846933","https://openalex.org/W4285214297","https://openalex.org/W4319338665","https://openalex.org/W4377235603","https://openalex.org/W4387871092","https://openalex.org/W4391213162","https://openalex.org/W4401568617","https://openalex.org/W4404411652"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stochastic":[0],"computing":[1],"(SC)":[2],"generally":[3,48],"suffers":[4],"from":[5],"long":[6],"latency.":[7],"One":[8],"solution":[9],"is":[10],"to":[11,18,50,62,83,95,132],"apply":[12],"proper":[13],"random":[14],"number":[15,136],"sources":[16],"(RNSs)":[17],"generate":[19],"the":[20,41,76,111,118],"bit":[21],"streams.":[22],"However,":[23],"existing":[24],"RNS":[25],"designs":[26],"either":[27],"have":[28],"low":[29,126],"accuracy":[30,52,124,151],"or":[31],"high":[32,51,123],"hardware":[33,86,102,106,127,143],"cost.":[34,128],"To":[35],"address":[36],"this":[37],"drawback,":[38],"motivated":[39],"by":[40,145],"fact":[42],"that":[43,117],"a":[44,59,64,69,81,92,133],"uniform":[45,65],"spatial":[46,66],"distribution":[47,67],"leads":[49],"for":[53,101],"an":[54,89],"SC":[55],"circuit,":[56],"we":[57,78],"propose":[58,80],"basic":[60],"architecture":[61],"produce":[63],"and":[68,88,125],"further":[70,79],"detailed":[71],"implementation":[72,120],"of":[73],"it.":[74],"For":[75,129],"implementation,":[77],"method":[82,100],"optimize":[84],"its":[85,97],"cost":[87,103,107,144],"algorithm":[90],"following":[91],"guiding":[93],"principle":[94],"improve":[96],"accuracy.":[98,112],"The":[99],"optimization":[104],"allows":[105],"reduction":[108],"while":[109,148],"keeping":[110],"Our":[113],"experimental":[114],"results":[115],"show":[116],"proposed":[119],"achieves":[121],"both":[122],"example,":[130],"compared":[131],"state-of-the-art":[134],"stochastic":[135],"generator":[137],"design,":[138],"our":[139],"design":[140],"can":[141],"reduce":[142],"over":[146],"80%,":[147],"achieving":[149],"higher":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-13T07:31:44.756512","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
