{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404103078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570","title":"Enhancing SRAM-Based PUF Reliability Through Machine Learning-Aided Calibration Techniques","display_name":"Enhancing SRAM-Based PUF Reliability Through Machine Learning-Aided Calibration Techniques","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404103078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067022774","display_name":"Kuheli Pratihar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-4903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuheli Pratihar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-4903","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034681699","display_name":"Soumi Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2804-4120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soumi Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2804-4120","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049426113","display_name":"Rajat Subhra Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3588-163X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajat Subhra Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3588-163X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078971402","display_name":"Debdeep Mukhopadhyay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-8346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debdeep Mukhopadhyay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-8346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067022774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62585683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"11","first_page":"3491","last_page":"3502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.7192473411560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.7016709446907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.654800295829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6058104038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.5733093619346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4639320969581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3722611665725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36560752987861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2970627546310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18006286025047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07133769989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06417888402938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06083023548126221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.7192473411560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.7016709446907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.654800295829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6058104038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.5733093619346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4639320969581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3722611665725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36560752987861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2970627546310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18006286025047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07133769989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06417888402938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06083023548126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3449570","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3650839498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IND-492686","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308258","funder_display_name":"Qualcomm"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308258","display_name":"Qualcomm","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532483809","https://openalex.org/W1562669673","https://openalex.org/W1990420052","https://openalex.org/W2012856167","https://openalex.org/W2017174041","https://openalex.org/W2052828598","https://openalex.org/W2106839704","https://openalex.org/W2128111793","https://openalex.org/W2290692811","https://openalex.org/W2504015706","https://openalex.org/W2570008916","https://openalex.org/W2580334840","https://openalex.org/W2791198567","https://openalex.org/W2805083071","https://openalex.org/W2888156499","https://openalex.org/W2890844360","https://openalex.org/W2914764075","https://openalex.org/W2920458077","https://openalex.org/W2963154589","https://openalex.org/W3024675827","https://openalex.org/W3134706885","https://openalex.org/W4229017759","https://openalex.org/W4292070859","https://openalex.org/W4365420849"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033512842","https://openalex.org/W4233600955","https://openalex.org/W4322734194","https://openalex.org/W3116237489","https://openalex.org/W2913665393","https://openalex.org/W2369695847","https://openalex.org/W3005535424","https://openalex.org/W2994319598","https://openalex.org/W2047067935","https://openalex.org/W1607054433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Static":[0],"random":[1],"access":[2],"memory":[3,165],"(SRAM)-based":[4],"physically":[5],"unclonable":[6],"functions":[7],"(PUFs)":[8],"utilize":[9],"unpredictable":[10],"start-up":[11],"values":[12],"(SUVs)":[13],"for":[14,196,213],"key":[15],"generation,":[16],"making":[17],"them":[18],"widely":[19],"adopted":[20],"in":[21,26,40,98,171,281,290,315,337],"cryptographic":[22],"systems.":[23],"This":[24],"unpredictability":[25],"SUVs":[27],"is":[28,83,139],"accompanied":[29],"by":[30,106,119,198,259],"device":[31],"noise":[32],"that":[33,146],"escalates":[34],"with":[35,80,133,306],"process-voltage\u2013temperature":[36],"(PVT)":[37],"variations,":[38],"resulting":[39,97],"significant":[41,81],"deviations":[42],"from":[43,263,276,292],"the":[44,53,57,108,117,121,125,149,153,158,180,214,223,240,251,340],"golden":[45,122],"response":[46],"collected":[47],"at":[48,93,129,203,312],"ambient":[49,172,204],"conditions,":[50,96],"thereby":[51],"increasing":[52],"bit-error-rate":[54],"(BER)":[55],"of":[56,112,124,152,183,225,318,343],"PUF":[58,127],"responses.":[59],"To":[60],"reduce":[61],"this":[62,104],"high-":[63],"<inline-formula":[64,295,327],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[65,296,328],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[66,297,329],"<tex-math":[67,298,330],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$(\\geq":[68],"15\\%)$":[69],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[70,301,335],"BER,":[71],"either":[72],"an":[73],"involved":[74],"error":[75,189],"correcting":[76],"code":[77],"(ECC)":[78],"circuitry":[79],"overhead":[82],"required,":[84],"or":[85],"more":[86],"helper":[87,200],"information":[88,100],"needs":[89],"to":[90,115,157,186,193,217,265,270,278,294,326],"be":[91],"generated":[92,202],"varying":[94,260],"operating":[95,131],"increased":[99],"leakage.":[101],"We":[102],"address":[103],"issue":[105],"proposing":[107],"first":[109],"reported":[110],"application":[111],"machine":[113],"learning":[114],"recalibrate":[116],"responses":[118,123],"predicting":[120],"SRAM-based":[126],"(SRAM-PUF)":[128],"different":[130],"conditions":[132,205,305],"high":[134,169,341],"accuracy.":[135],"Our":[136,284],"recalibration":[137],"technique":[138],"based":[140],"on":[141,239],"a":[142,164,168,209,287,316],"novel":[143],"collective":[144],"decision":[145],"involves":[147],"observing":[148],"neighborhood":[150,188],"cells":[151,185],"SRAM-PUF,":[154],"as":[155],"opposed":[156],"traditional":[159],"single-cell":[160],"approach.":[161],"By":[162],"leveraging":[163],"map":[166],"exhibiting":[167],"correlation":[170],"reliability":[173],"amongst":[174],"neighboring":[175],"cells,":[176],"we":[177,229],"indirectly":[178],"use":[179],"physical":[181],"co-location":[182],"SRAM":[184],"assist":[187],"prediction.":[190],"It":[191],"leads":[192],"efficient":[194],"post-processing":[195],"SRAM-PUFs":[197],"using":[199,320],"data":[201],"only":[206],"while":[207],"employing":[208],"fixed":[210],"ECC":[211],"designed":[212],"same.":[215],"Subsequently,":[216],"justify":[218],"our":[219,226,321,344],"claims":[220],"and":[221,247,268,274,309],"validate":[222],"efficacy":[224,342],"proposed":[227,322],"methodology,":[228],"demonstrate":[230],"extensive":[231],"experimentation":[232],"results":[233],"over":[234],"multiple":[235],"SRAM-PUF":[236],"instances":[237],"implemented":[238],"Arduino":[241,252],"UNO":[242],"(an":[243],"8-bit":[244],"microcontroller":[245,256],"unit)":[246,257],"its":[248],"scaled-up":[249],"version,":[250],"Zero":[253],"(a":[254],"32-bit":[255],"boards,":[258],"supply":[261],"voltages":[262],"3.8":[264],"6.2":[266],"V":[267],"7":[269],"12":[271],"V,":[272],"respectively,":[273],"temperature":[275,310],"\u221225\u00b0":[277],"70\u00b0":[279],"C":[280],"both":[282,307],"cases.":[283],"observations":[285],"show":[286],"vast":[288],"drop":[289],"BER":[291,317],"17.02%":[293],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\approx":[299,331],"1\\%$":[300],".":[302],"Although":[303],"worst-case":[304],"voltage":[308],"variations":[311],"play":[313],"resulted":[314],"20%,":[319],"approach":[323],"reduces":[324],"it":[325],"1{\\text":[332],"{-}}":[333],"2\\%$":[334],",":[336],"turn":[338],"demonstrating":[339],"scheme.":[345]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
