{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399801779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865","title":"TaintLock: Hardware IP Protection Against Oracle-Guided and Oracle-Reconstruction Attacks","display_name":"TaintLock: Hardware IP Protection Against Oracle-Guided and Oracle-Reconstruction Attacks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399801779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017274857","display_name":"Jonti Talukdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-5281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonti Talukdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-5281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090354528","display_name":"Arjun Chaudhuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-6397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Chaudhuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103146563","display_name":"Eduardo Ortega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2570-4901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Ortega","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2570-4901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033880864","display_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, ASU Center for Semiconductor Microelectronics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85567538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"1","first_page":"357","last_page":"370"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.7713407874107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5905882716178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.39519208669662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3741919994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.32692795991897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16175991296768188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.7713407874107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5905882716178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.39519208669662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3741919994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.32692795991897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16175991296768188}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3416865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3855535701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2994.001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4504682262","display_name":"SaTC: CORE: Small: Security of FPGA-as-a-Service Reconfigurable Systems","funder_award_id":"2011561","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1128447031","https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W1584498424","https://openalex.org/W1894646615","https://openalex.org/W1964723977","https://openalex.org/W1978060422","https://openalex.org/W1984153141","https://openalex.org/W2091968063","https://openalex.org/W2101900253","https://openalex.org/W2130364905","https://openalex.org/W2155267750","https://openalex.org/W2616454726","https://openalex.org/W2789948605","https://openalex.org/W2918797181","https://openalex.org/W2944122409","https://openalex.org/W2946592689","https://openalex.org/W2972308582","https://openalex.org/W2977663466","https://openalex.org/W3036662531","https://openalex.org/W3092370864","https://openalex.org/W3139374995","https://openalex.org/W3163316191","https://openalex.org/W3176336444","https://openalex.org/W3183732142","https://openalex.org/W3184597400","https://openalex.org/W3186002062","https://openalex.org/W3196244949","https://openalex.org/W3205165858","https://openalex.org/W3215039281","https://openalex.org/W4283778636","https://openalex.org/W4300349690","https://openalex.org/W4379116006","https://openalex.org/W4385707835","https://openalex.org/W6779614809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2073713056","https://openalex.org/W3110702597","https://openalex.org/W2078761926","https://openalex.org/W2110441383","https://openalex.org/W2125620709","https://openalex.org/W1498872724","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4233149903"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scan-obfuscation":[0],"schemes":[1],"used":[2,53],"with":[3,103,213],"logic":[4,56,106],"locking":[5,107],"lack":[6],"the":[7,49,116,193,227],"ability":[8],"to":[9,31,41,54,65,86,136,158,181,233],"perform":[10,42],"scan":[11,25,33,89,139,153],"authentication":[12,44,71],"on":[13],"a":[14,67,126,147,159,182],"per-pattern":[15,70],"basis.":[16],"These":[17],"methods":[18,39],"are":[19,45],"of":[20,162,195,230,237],"limited":[21],"effectiveness":[22],"in":[23],"obfuscating":[24],"data":[26,140],"and":[27,72,78,97,119,122,150,200,239],"they":[28],"remain":[29,156],"vulnerable":[30,180],"SAT-based":[32],"deobfuscation":[34],"attacks.":[35],"In":[36],"addition,":[37],"prior":[38],"designed":[40],"scan-data":[43],"not":[46],"adequate":[47],"under":[48],"strongest":[50],"threat":[51],"models":[52],"assess":[55],"locking.":[57],"To":[58,91],"alleviate":[59],"these":[60,198],"problems,":[61],"we":[62,224],"propose":[63],"enhancements":[64],"TaintLock,":[66,144],"lightweight":[68],"dynamic":[69],"encryption":[73,238],"scheme":[74],"that":[75,165,207],"uses":[76,132],"taint":[77,118],"signature":[79,120],"bits":[80,121],"embedded":[81,117,219],"within":[82],"each":[83,112],"test":[84,113,171,215,221],"pattern":[85,114,172],"provide":[87],"authenticated":[88],"access.":[90],"prevent":[92],"IP":[93],"theft":[94],"through":[95,125],"Oracle-free":[96],"Oracle-guided":[98],"attacks,":[99],"TaintLock":[100,109,196,208],"is":[101,174],"paired":[102],"truly":[104],"random":[105],"(TRLL).":[108],"cryptographically":[110,133],"authenticates":[111],"using":[115],"passing":[123],"them":[124],"substitution-permutation":[127],"(SP)":[128],"network.":[129],"It":[130],"further":[131],"generated":[134],"keys":[135],"dynamically":[137],"encrypt":[138],"for":[141],"unauthenticated":[142],"users.":[143],"while":[145],"offering":[146],"low":[148],"overhead":[149],"nonintrusive":[151],"secure":[152],"solution":[154],"may":[155,177],"susceptible":[157],"new":[160],"class":[161],"Oracle-reconstruction":[163],"attacks":[164],"use":[166],"machine":[167],"learning.":[168],"Additionally,":[169],"assuming":[170],"security":[173],"compromised,":[175],"it":[176],"be":[178,210],"potentially":[179],"template-based":[183],"SAT":[184],"attack":[185],"aimed":[186],"at":[187],"partial":[188],"key":[189],"recovery.":[190],"We":[191,204],"analyze":[192],"susceptibility":[194],"against":[197],"threats":[199],"demonstrate":[201,206],"its":[202],"resilience.":[203],"also":[205,225],"can":[209],"easily":[211],"integrated":[212],"popular":[214],"architectures,":[216],"such":[217],"as":[218],"deterministic":[220],"(EDT).":[222],"Finally,":[223],"discuss":[226],"reconfigurable":[228],"nature":[229],"TaintLock\u2019s":[231],"architecture":[232],"support":[234],"different":[235],"levels":[236],"authentication.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}