{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396680388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052","title":"DAG-Aware Synthesis Orchestration","display_name":"DAG-Aware Synthesis Orchestration","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396680388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100425071","display_name":"Yingjie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1144-7401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yingjie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1144-7401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014998363","display_name":"M.T. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9669-2561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingju Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9669-2561","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029928585","display_name":"Haoxing Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-3860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoxing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Design Automation Research Group, NVIDIA Research, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Design Automation Research Group, NVIDIA Research, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110450560","display_name":"Alan Mishchenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1303-6261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Mishchenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cunxi Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-1540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cunxi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-1540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100425071"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0029,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86457319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"12","first_page":"4666","last_page":"4675"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8103924989700317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-traversal","display_name":"Tree traversal","score":0.6090698838233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.5715099573135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orchestration","display_name":"Orchestration","score":0.555766761302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-acyclic-graph","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","score":0.534841001033783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5148043036460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.45444923639297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4489061236381531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38465410470962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3627374768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2641547918319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22230222821235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.21239376068115234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8103924989700317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140745168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1210082","display_name":"Tree traversal","level":2,"score":0.6090698838233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.5715099573135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.555766761302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74197172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195339","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","level":2,"score":0.534841001033783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5148043036460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.45444923639297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4489061236381531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38465410470962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3627374768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2641547918319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22230222821235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.21239376068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2024.3397052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3887634858","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF-2008144","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35668030","https://openalex.org/W1612810659","https://openalex.org/W1776822698","https://openalex.org/W2100465945","https://openalex.org/W2106950603","https://openalex.org/W2123710050","https://openalex.org/W2152406824","https://openalex.org/W2155298431","https://openalex.org/W2398947418","https://openalex.org/W2587513648","https://openalex.org/W2587804194","https://openalex.org/W2794046273","https://openalex.org/W2796205655","https://openalex.org/W2797469317","https://openalex.org/W2805284819","https://openalex.org/W3013938122","https://openalex.org/W3033033241","https://openalex.org/W3183732142","https://openalex.org/W4213162744","https://openalex.org/W4285059172","https://openalex.org/W4299487805","https://openalex.org/W6636505876","https://openalex.org/W6750853391","https://openalex.org/W6790607911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313549863","https://openalex.org/W2072205733","https://openalex.org/W2052246872","https://openalex.org/W2395465245","https://openalex.org/W2101762871","https://openalex.org/W3176957927","https://openalex.org/W4296534969","https://openalex.org/W4312761314","https://openalex.org/W2476494490","https://openalex.org/W1978615272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"logic":[1,28,158],"synthesis":[2,29],"techniques":[3],"use":[4],"multi-level":[5],"technology-independent":[6],"representations":[7],"like":[8],"And-Inverter-Graphs":[9],"(AIGs)":[10],"for":[11,129,177],"digital":[12],"logic.":[13],"This":[14,67],"involves":[15],"structural":[16],"rewriting,":[17,113],"resubstitution,":[18,114],"and":[19,47,102,143,150,163,195],"refactoring":[20],"based":[21],"on":[22,94,168],"directed-acyclic-graph":[23],"(DAGs)":[24],"traversal.":[25,42],"Existing":[26],"DAG-aware":[27],"algorithms":[30,51,108],"are":[31,52,91],"designed":[32],"to":[33,57,117],"perform":[34],"one":[35],"specific":[36],"optimization":[37,61,77,189],"during":[38,81],"a":[39,74,145],"single":[40,83,131],"DAG":[41],"However,":[43],"we":[44,134,171],"empirically":[45],"identify":[46],"demonstrate":[48,156,183],"that":[49],"these":[50],"limited":[53],"in":[54,63,139,148,153,197],"quality-of-results":[55],"due":[56],"the":[58,64,82,86,130,136,140,173,184,187,198],"solely":[59],"considered":[60],"operation":[62],"design":[65,199],"concept.":[66],"work":[68],"proposes":[69],"Synthesis":[70],"Orchestration,":[71],"which":[72,155],"is":[73],"fine-grained":[75],"node-level":[76],"implying":[78],"multiple":[79],"optimizations":[80],"traversal":[84],"of":[85,120,186],"graph.":[87],"Our":[88,181],"experimental":[89],"results":[90,182],"comprehensively":[92],"conducted":[93],"all":[95],"104":[96],"designs":[97],"collected":[98],"from":[99],"ISCAS\u201985/89/99,":[100],"VTR,":[101],"EPFL":[103],"benchmark":[104],"suites.":[105],"The":[106],"orchestration":[107,137,174,188],"consistently":[109],"outperform":[110],"existing":[111],"optimizations,":[112],"refactoring,":[115],"leading":[116],"an":[118],"average":[119],"4%":[121],"more":[122,165],"node":[123,166],"reduction":[124,167],"with":[125],"reasonable":[126],"runtime":[127],"cost":[128],"optimization.":[132],"Moreover,":[133],"evaluate":[135],"algorithm":[138,147],"sequential":[141],"optimization,":[142],"as":[144],"plug-in":[146],"resyn":[149],"resyn3":[151],"flows":[152],"ABC,":[154],"consistent":[157],"minimization":[159],"improvements":[160],"(1%,":[161],"4.7%":[162],"11.5%":[164],"average).":[169],"Finally,":[170],"integrate":[172],"into":[175],"OpenROAD":[176],"end-to-end":[178],"performance":[179],"evaluations.":[180],"advantages":[185],"techniques,":[190],"even":[191],"after":[192],"technology":[193],"mapping":[194],"post-routing":[196],"flow.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
